Aerobic energy expenditure and intensity prediction during a specific circuit weight training: A pilot study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2010.52.04Keywords:
Resistance training, Heart rate, Energy cost, Oxygen uptake, Exercise intensityAbstract
During circuit weight training (CWT), workloads, index of intensity as well as estimation of energy expenditure (EE) have been under estimated. The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate physiological variables and gender related differences, including intensity prediction and EE, during CWT at different intensities. Twenty six subjects were assessed in a CWT, fourteen men and twelve women. The CWT program was performed at six different intensities, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 85% of 15RM. Seven exercises made up the circuit: sitting bench press, leg press, lat pull down, shoulder press, hamstring curl, biceps curl, and triceps cable push downs. A polar heart rate monitor and a portable metabolic system were used to measure heart rate (HR), intensity measured relative to the HR reserve, cardiorespiratory variables, EE and EE relative to muscle mass (EEMM). Differences between genders were observed at the following variables: HR, intensity measured relative to the HR reserve (in percentage), VO2, VCO2, VE, RER, aerobic EE and EEMM. The EE was significantly higher in men during the six intensities, but differences did not exist for EEMM from 70% to 85%. In addition HR, load and body weight were used to predict intensity and two gender specific equations were obtained for men and women [I (%) = 57.265 + 0.512HR - 0.696HRmax + 1.035 Loadavg + 0.188 Body Weight (R2=0.92; SEE=4.9%) for men; I (%) = 4.036 + 0.412HR% + 1.667 Loadavg (R2=0.79; SEE=7.7%) for women]. Thus, we conclude that gender related differences are present during CWT for EE, even when expressed relative to muscle mass, in addition HR, work load and body weight can estimate the intensity during CWT.
Downloads
References
Beckham, S.G., Earnest, C.P. Metabolic cost of free weight circuit weight training. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2000; 40(2):118-25.
Byrne, N.M., Meerkin, J.D., Laukkanen, R., Ross, R., Fogelholm, M., Hills, A.P. Weight loss strategies for obese adults: personalized weight management program vs. standard care. Obesity. 2006; 14(10):1777-88. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.205
Calderon, F.J., Brita, J.L., Gonzalez, C., Machota, V. Estudio de la recuperación de la frecuencia cardiaca en deportistas de élite. Selección. 1997; 6(3):101-105.
Candow, D.G., Burke, D.G. Effect of short-term equal-volume resistance training with different workout frequency on muscle mass and strength in untrained men and women. J Strength Cond Res. 2007; 21(1):204-7. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200702000-00037
Carter, L., Heath, B. Somatotyping: development and applications. Cambrige: University Press; 1990.
Castellani, J.W., Delany, J.P., O'Brien, C., Hoyt, R.W., Santee, W.R., Young, A.J. Energy expenditure in men and women during 54 h of exercise and caloric deprivation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006; 38(5):894-900. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000218122.59968.eb
Collins, M.A., Cureton, K.J., Hill, D.W., Ray, C.A. Relationship of heart rate to oxygen uptake during weight lifting exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991; 23(5):636-40. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199105000-00018
Díaz, V., Benito, P.J., Peinado, A.B., Álvarez, M., Martín, C., Di Salvo, V., et al. Validation of a new portable metabolic system during an incremental running test. J Sport Sci Med. 2008; 7(4) :532-6.
Donnelly, J.E., Smith, B., Jacobsen, D.J., Kirk, E., Dubose, K., Hyder, M., et al. The role of exercise for weight loss and maintenance. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2004; 18(6):1009-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1521-6918(04)00083-6
Glenmark, B. Skeletal muscle fiber types, physical performance, physical activity and attitude to physical activity in women and men. A follow-up from age 16 to 27. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1994; 623:1-47.
Hiilloskorpi, H.K., Pasanen, M.E., Fogelholm, M.G., Laukkanen, R.M., Manttari, A.T. Use of heart rate to predict energy expenditure from low to high activity levels. Int J Sports Med. 2003; 24(5):332-6. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-40701
Hoyt, R.W., Opstad, P.K., Haugen, A.H., Delany, J.P., Cymerman, A., Friedl, K.E. Negative energy balance in male and female rangers: effects of 7 d of sustained exercise and food deprivation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83(5):1068-75.
Hunter, G.R., Bryan, D.R., Wetzstein, C.J., Zuckerman, P.A., Bamman, M.M. Resistance training and intra-abdominal adipose tissue in older men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002; 34(6):1023-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200206000-00019
Hunter, G.R., Byrne, N.M. Physical activity and muscle function but not resting energy expenditure impact on weight gain. J Strength Cond Res. 2005; 19(1):225-30.
Hunter, G.R., Wetzstein, C.J., Fields, D.A., Brown, A., Bamman, M.M. Resistance training increases total energy expenditure and free-living physical activity in older adults. J Appl Physiol. 2000; 89(3):977-84.
Ibanez, J., Izquierdo, M., Arguelles, I., Forga, L., Larrion, J.L., Garcia-Unciti, M., et al. Twice-weekly progressive resistance training decreases abdominal fat and improves insulin sensitivity in older men with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(3):662-7. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.3.662
Knechtle, B., Muller, G., Willmann, F., Kotteck, K., Eser, P., Knecht, H. Fat oxidation in men and women endurance athletes in running and cycling. Int J Sports Med. 2004; 25(1):38-44. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-45232
Knuttgen, H.G. Strength training and aerobic exercise: comparison and contrast. J Strength Cond Res. 2007; 21(3):973-8. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200708000-00053
Kraemer, W.J., Volek, J.S., Clark, K.L., Gordon, S.E., Puhl, S.M., Koziris, L.P., et al. Influence of exercise training on physiological and performance changes with weight loss in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999; 31(9):1320-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199909000-00014
Kraemer, W.J. Strength training for young athletes. Leeds: Human Kinetics; 2005.
Kuo, C.C., Fattor, J.A., Henderson, G.C., Brooks, G.A. Lipid oxidation in fit young adults during postexercise recovery. J Appl Physiol. 2005 ; 99(1) :349-56. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00997.2004
Lazzer, S., Boirie, Y., Poissonnier, C., Petit, I., Duche, P., Taillardat, M., et al. Longitudinal changes in activity patterns, physical capacities, energy expenditure, and body composition in severely obese adolescents during a multidisciplinary weight-reduction program (Abstract). Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2005; 29(1):37-46. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802845
Loucks, A.B. Energy balance and body composition in sports and exercise. J Sports Sci. 2004; 22(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000140518
Martin, A.D., Spenst, L.F., Drinkwater, D.T., Clarys, J.P. Anthropometric estimation of muscle mass in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990; 22(5):729-33. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199010000-00027
O'Hagan, F.T., Sale, D.G., Macdougall, J.D., Garner, S.H. Response to resistance training in young women and men. Int J Sports Med. 1995; 16(5):314-21. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-973012
Ortego, A.R., Dantzler, D.K., Zaloudek, A., Tanner, J., Khan, T., Panwar, R., et al. Effects of gender on physiological responses to strenuous circuit resistance exercise and recovery. J Strength Cond Res. 2009; 23(3):932-8. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181a07884
Papazoglou, D., Augello, G., Tagliaferri, M., Savia, G., Marzullo, P., Maltezos, E., et al. Evaluation of a multisensor armband in estimating energy expenditure in obese individuals. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006; 14(12):2217-23. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.260
Perret, C., Mueller, G. Validation of a new portable ergospirometric device (Oxycon Mobile) during exercise. Int J Sports Med. 2006; 27(5):363-7. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-865666
Robergs, R.A., Gordon, T., Reynolds, J., Walker, T.B. Energy expenditure during bench press and squat exercises. J Strength Cond Res. 2007; 21(1):123-30. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200702000-00023
Ronnestad, B.R., Egeland, W., Kvamme, N.H., Refsnes, P.E., Kadi, F., Raastad, T. Dissimilar effects of one- and three-set strength training on strength and muscle mass gains in upper and lower body in untrained subjects. J Strength Cond Res. 2007; 21(1):157-63. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200702000-00028
Scott, C.B. Contribution of blood lactate to the energy expenditure of weight training. J Strength Cond Res. 2006; 20(2):404-11.
Smith, K., Winegard, K., Hicks, A.L., Mccartney, N. Two years of resistance training in older men and women: the effects of three years of detraining on the retention of dynamic strength. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003; 28(3):462-74. https://doi.org/10.1139/h03-034
Venables, M.C., Achten, J., Jeukendrup, A.E. Determinants of fat oxidation during exercise in healthy men and women: a cross-sectional study. J Appl Physiol. 2005; 98(1):160-7. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00662.2003
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2010 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.