Prediction of race pace in long distance running from blood lactate concentration around race pace
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2012.74.04Keywords:
Track lactate, Race pace, Performance predictionAbstract
The aim of this study was to develop an equation for predicting the performance in 10 kilometers road race (10k), Half Marathon (21k) and Marathon (42k), using the blood lactate concentration (bLA) close to race pace. 64 runners of different levels completed the study (10k (n = 19): 32min-56min, 21k (n=24): 1h04min-1h57min; 42k (n=21): 2h38min-4h02min). A few days before their main competition, subjects conducted a test in track at constant pace over 2400m. They ran at two different speeds that were slightly lower (V1) or similar / faster than the competition expected pace (V2). bLa samples were taken during and after every pace. The results did not show any mathematical model to estimate the 10k mark. In the 21k, it was found a model that included V2 and bLA2: V21k (km / h) = (V2*1.085) + (-0.282*bLA2) -0.131, r2 = 0.97, ETE = 0.414 km / h. In the 42k, it was found a model that included V1 and BLA1: V42k (km/h) = (V1*1.085) + (-0.429*BLA1) -0.170, r2 = 0.81, ETE = 0.626 km/h. Two equations were capable of predicting performance, for 21k and 42k through bla concentration at a pace close to the expected for the competition.
Downloads
References
BALE P, BRADBURY D, COLLEY E. Anthropometric and training variables related to 10km running performance. Br J Sports Med. 1986; 20(4):170-173. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.20.4.170
BALE P, ROWELL S, COLLEY E. Anthropometric and training characteristics of female marathon runners as determinants of distance running performance. J Sports Sci. 1985; 3(2):115-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640418508729741
BENEKE R, HÜTLER M, LEITHÄUSER RM. Maximal lactate-steady-state independent of performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000; 32(6):1135-1139. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200006000-00016
BENEKE R. Anaerobic threshold, individual anaerobic threshold, and maximal lactate steady state in rowing. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995; 27(6):863-867. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199506000-00010
BENEKE R. Methodological aspects of maximal lactate steady state-implications for performance testing. Eur J ApplPhysiol. 2003; 89(1):95-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-002-0783-1
Berg K, LATIN RW, COFFEY C. Relationship of somatotype and physical characteristics to distance running performance in middle age runners. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1998; 38(3):253-257.
BILLAT V, SIRVENT P, LEPRETRE P, KORALSZTEIN JP. Training effect on performance, substrate balance and blood lactate concentration at maximal lactate steady state in master endurance-runners. Pflugers Arch. 2004; 447(6):875-883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-003-1215-8
COQUART JBJ, BOSQUET L. Precision in the prediction of middle distance-running performances using either a nomogram or the modeling of the distance-time relationship. J Strength Cond Res. 2010; 24(11):2920-2926. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c69278
DAVIES CT, THOMPSON MW. Aerobic performance of female marathon and male ultramarathon athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1979; 41(4):233-245. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00429740
Deason J, POWERS SK, LAWLER J, AYERS D, STUART MK. Physiological correlates to 800 meter running performance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1991; 31(4):499-504.
FARRELL PA, WILMORE JH, COYLE EF, BILLING JE, COSTILL DL. Plasma lactate accumulation and distance running performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993; 25(10):1091-1097. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199310000-00002
FAY L, LONDEREE BR, LAFONTAINE TP, VOLEK MR. Physiological parameters related to distance running performance in female athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989; 21(3):319-324. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198906000-00016
FÖHRENBACH R, MADER A, HOLLMANN W. Determination of endurance capacity and prediction of exercise intensities for training and competition in marathon runners. Int J Sports Med. 1987; 8(1):11-18. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1025633
GRANT S, CRAIG I, WILSON J, AITCHISON T. The relationship between 3 km running performance and selected physiological variables. J Sports Sci. 1997; 15(4):403-410. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404197367191
HAGAN RD, SMITH MG, GETTMAN LR. Marathon performance in relation to maximal aerobic power and training indices. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1981; 13(3):185-189. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198103000-00007
Maffulli N, Capasso G, Lancia A. Anaerobic threshold and performance in middle and long distance running. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1991; 31(3):332-338.
MORGAN DW, BALDINI FD, MARTIN PE, KOHRT WM. Ten kilometer performance and predicted velocity at VO2max among well-trained male runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989; 21(1):78-83. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198902000-00014
NICHOLSON RM, SLEIVERT GG. Indices of lactate threshold and their relationship with 10-km running velocity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001; 33(2):339-342.
NOAKES TD, MYBURGH KH, SCHALL R. Peak treadmill running velocity during the VO2 max test predicts running performance. J Sports Sci. 1990; 8(1):35-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419008732129
PETIT MA, NELSON CM, RHODES EC. Comparison of a mathematical model to predict 10-km performance from the conconi test and ventilatory threshold measurements. Can J ApplPhysiol. 1997; 22(6):562-572. https://doi.org/10.1139/h97-036
ROECKER K, SCHOTTE O, NIESS AM, HORSTMANN T, DICKHUTH HH. Predicting competition performance in long-distance running by means of a treadmill test. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998; 30(10):1552-1557. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199810000-00014
SLATTERY KM, WALLACE LK, MURPHY AJ, COUTTS AJ. Physiological determinants of three-kilometer running performance in experienced triathletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2006; 20(1):47-52.
Slovic P. Empirical study of training and performance in the marathon. Res Q. 1977; 48(4):769-777.
SPARLING PB, WILSON GE, PATE RR. Project overview and description of performance, training, and physical characteristics in elite women distance runners. Int J Sports Med. 1987; 8(2):73-76. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1025708
STRATTON E, O'BRIEN BJ, HARVEY J, BLITVICH J, MCNICOL AJ, JANISSEN D ET AL. Treadmill velocity best predicts 5000-m run performance. Int J Sports Med. 2009; 30(1):40-45. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1038761
WEYAND PG, CURETON KJ, CONLEY DS, SLONIGER MA, LIU YL. Peak oxygen deficit predicts sprint and middle-distance track performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994; 26(9):1174-1180. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199409000-00016
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2012 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.
