The practice of physical activity related to self-esteem and academical performance in students of basic education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2016.112.03Keywords:
Physical activity, Self-Concept, Self-Esteem, Academical performanceAbstract
Objective: The present study was aimed to relate physical activity in the formation of self-concept, self-esteem and school performance in children of of basic education. We had a sample of 531 students of the municipalities of Santarém, Torres Novas, Entroncamento and Tomar (Portugal), of which 295 students (55.6%) for males and 236 students (44.4%) than females, with a mean age of the sample of 9.13 years, ranging from a minimum of 8 years and a maximum of 10 years. From this sample, 394 students (74%) have the practice of physical activity at least one formal character extracurricular and 137 students (26%) of the total sample reported no physical activity. Methods: As an instrument of data collection used the concept of the Self Susan Harter validated for the Portuguese population (Martins, Peixoto, Mata & Monteiro, 1995), where we analyzed descriptive and inferential data in order to confront levels average self-concept in the areas of scholastic competence, social acceptance, athletic competence, physical appearance, behaviour, and global self-esteem. Were also recorded income school students study the subject areas of Mathematics, English and Sciences Studies. Results: The practice of regular physical activity not decisively proved a significant factor in the level of self-concept, self-esteem and academic performance of students. However, the variable self seems to assume an evolution with increasing number of sessions per week of physical activity, as apparently the practice of at least one sport elevates levels of self-esteem. Conclusions: Students with the highest number of weekly hours of physical activity regularly reveal a level of academic achievement significantly higher, compared to students with less hours without registration or practice regular physical activity weekly.
Downloads
References
Baptista, C. (2003). Judo da escola à competição (3ª ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Sprint.
Batista, P. (1995). Satisfação com a imagem corporal e auto-estima – Estudo comparativo de adolescentes envolvidas em diferentes níveis de actividade física. Dissertação de Doutoramento não publicada, FCDEF – Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
Batista, M. & Cubo Delgado, S. (2011). La Práctica de Judo en Relación con el Autoconcepto, la Autoestima y el Rendimiento Escolar de los Estudiantes de Primer Ciclo de Primaria. Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Doutor. Badajoz: UNEX.
Batista, M. & Cubo Delgado, S. (2009). Bem Estar Psicológico – Relação entre prática de Judo e Autoconceito. Dissertação para obtenção de Diploma de Estudos Avançados e Suficiência Investigadora. Badajoz: UNEX.
Bento, J. (2004). Desporto para crianças e jovens: das causas e dos fins. In: Gaya, A., Marques, A. & Tani, G. (Orgs.). Desporto para Crianças e Jovens – Razões e Finalidades (pp.21-28). Porto Alegre: Editora da UFRGS.
Bento, J. (1995). O outro lado do desporto – Vivências e reflexão pedagógicas. Porto: Campo das Letras – Editores, S. A.
Bourdieu, P. (1979), La Distinction. Critique sociale du jugement. Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit.
Biddle, S. & Mutrie, N. (2001). Psychology of physical activity: Determiants, Well-being and interventions. London: Routledge.
Burns, R. (1979). The self-concept in theory, measurement and behaviour. London: Longman.
Castarlenas, J. & Molina, J. (2002). El Judo en la educación física escolar: unidades didácticas. Barcelona: Hispano Europea.
Carratalá Deval. V. (2012). O Judo Nos Jovens Com Risco De Exclusão Social. Actas do congreso europeu de inclusão social através do judo e outro deportos. Lisboa: ULHT.
Cocke, A. (2002). Brain May Also Pump up from Workout. Retrieved April 11, 03, from Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting Web: Site:http://www.neurosurgery.medsch.ucla.edu/whastnew/societyforneuroscience.htm.
Delgado, N. (2005). Judo. [On line]. Available: http://www.nunodelgado.net/engine.php?cat=82 em 23-11-08.
Dwyer, T., Coonan, W., Leitch, D., Hetzel, B., & Baghurst, R. (1983). An investigation of the effects of daily physical activity on the health of primary school students in South Australia. International Journal of Epidemiologists, 12(3), 308-313. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/12.3.308
Esculcas, C. (1999). Actividade Física e Práticas de Lazer na Adolescência Promoção e Manutenção em Função da Natureza da Actividade Física e do Estatuto Sócio-económico. Dissertação de Mestrado. Porto: FCDEF - UP
Faustino, A. (1994). Estudo da influência de factores biossociais e capacidades físicas na evolução da imagem corporal em jovens dos 13 aos 15 anos de idade. Lisboa: FMH.
Fonseca, V. (1988). Da Filogénese à Ontogénese da Motricidade. Porto Alegre: Artes Médicas.
Fortin, M. (2000) O processo de investigação : da concepção à realização, (2ª ed.). Loures.
Gallahue, D. & Ozmun, C. (2001). Compreendendo o desenvolvimento motor: bebés, crianças, adolescentes e adultos (2ª ed.). São Paulo: Phorte.
Hattie, J. (1992). Self-Concept. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Marivoet, S. (2001). Hábitos desportivos da População Portuguesa. Lisboa: Instituto Nacional de Formação e Estudos do Desporto.
Martins, T. (1999). Autoconceito dos alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem e problemas de comportamento. Psicologia, Educação e Cultura, 7(1), 73-88.
Martins, M., Peixoto, F., Mata, L. & Monteiro, V. (1995). Escala de Auto-Conceito para Crianças e Pré-Adolescentes de Susan Harter. Provas Psicológicas em Portugal, 1, 78-89.
Nash, J. (1970). Developmental psychology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Neto, C. (1994). Desporto infantil: A criança e a actividade desportiva. Horizonte, 10(60), 203-206.
Nunes, M. (1999). Os Grandes Desafios da Autarquia no Âmbito do Desporto, uma Proposta de Elaboração de um Plano de Desenvolvimento Desportivo Municipal. Horizonte, 15 (89), 33-39.
Oliveira, J. (1999). Psicologia da educação: Escola, aluno - aprendizagem. Lisboa: Editorial Presença.
Oliveira, R. (2008). A iniciação do judo na idade pré-escolar e seus benefícios. [On line]. Available: http://www.judobushido.com.br/conteudo.php?id=17 em 25-01-09.
Queiroz, E. & Gomes, L. (n.d.). Judo em suas dimensões intelectuais, morais e físicas: um component valioso para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação física escolar. [On line]. Available: http://www.judobrasil.com.br/2007/judo_artigo.pdf em 24-10-08.
Rosa, V. (2008a). «As artes marciais e os desportos de combate em números: um olhar exploratório sobre os dados numéricos ou estatísticos em Portugal», resumo da proposta de comunicação para participação nas X Jornadas do Departamento de Sociologia da Universidade de Évora, 15, 16 e 17 de Maio de 2008.
Rosa, V. (2008b). Motivações e entendimentos dos praticantes dos desportos de combate dual: um olhar exploratório,: in CDROM of Abstracts of the 1st European Scientific Congress of Judo "Learning and Performance". Lisbon: Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias.
Sastre, M. (1999). Lay conceptions of well-being and rules used in well-being judgements among young, middle-aged, and elderly adults. Social Indicators Research 47, 203-231. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006989319411
Schunk, D. (1990). Self-concept and school achievement. In Rofers, C. & Kutnick, P. (Eds.). The social psychology of the primary school (pp. 70-79). London: Routledge.
Serra, A. (1986a). O Inventário Clínico do Auto-Conceito. Psiquiatria Clínica, 7(2), 67-84.
Serrão, O. (2001). A relação entre a motivação e o auto-conceito). Importância do estatuto Escolar nos perfis motivacionais de crianças do 4º ano de escolaridade. Monografia, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisboa.
Shephard, R. (1997). Aging, physical activity, and health. Champaign: Human Kinetics Publisher.
Sonstroem, R. (1997). Physical activity and self-esteem. In W. P. Morgan (Ed.) Physical activity and mental health. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis, 127-147.
Sonstroem, R. (1984). Exercise and self-esteem. Exercise and Sport Sciences Review, 12, 123-155. https://doi.org/10.1249/00003677-198401000-00007
Simão, R. (2005). A Relação entre Actividades Extracurriculares e o Desempenho Académico, Motivação, Autoconceito, e Auto-Estima dos alunos. Lisboa: Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada.
Tremblay, M., Inman, J. & Willms, J. (2000). The Relationship Between Physical Activity, Self-Esteem, and Academic Achievement in 12-Year-Old Children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 12, 312-324. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.12.3.312
Vasconcelos Raposo, J.; Teixeira, C. & Gonçalves, O. (2004) O Bem estar psicológico em adolescentes: A relação entre prática do exercício físico, auto estima e satisfação corporal. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto. Vol 4, nº2 (44-50).
Yang, X., Telama, R. & Laakso, L. (1996). Parent`s Physical Activity. Socio-Economic Status and Education as Predictors of Physical and Sport, among Children and Youths: A 12-year Follow-Up Study. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 31 (3), 94-273.
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.
