Estimation of specific VO2max for elderly in cycle ergometer

Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Nunes, Juliana Brandão Pinto de Castro, Leandro de Lima e Silva, Jurandir Baptista da Silva, Erik Salum de Godoy, Vicente Pinheiro Lima, Gabriela Rezende de Oliveira Venturini, Flávio Boechat de Oliveira, Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a specific estimation model of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) based on submaximal ventilatory indicators on a cycle ergometer test protocol in elderly men. We tested, using an incremental protocol, 181 healthy and non-athletes male volunteers, aged between 60 and 79 years old, randomly divided into two groups: group A, of estimation (n = 137), and group B, of validation (n = 44). The independent variables were: body mass in kg, second workload threshold (WT2) and heart rate at the second ventilatory threshold (VT2). The cross-validation method was used in group B, with group A serving as the basis for the model and the validation dataset. The results presented a multiple linear regression model for estimation of VO2max = 31.62 + 0.182 (WT2) – 0.302 (body mass) in mlO2/kg/min-1; adjusted R2 = 0.98 and SEE = 0.682 (mlO2/Kg/min-1). The construction of this specific model for healthy and non-athletes elderly men can demonstrate that it is possible to estimate VO2max with a minimum error (SEE < 1.00) from indicators of ventilatory thresholds obtained in an incremental submaximal test.

Keywords

Oxygen consumption; Ventilatory threshold; Submaximal test; Aged; Male

References

American College of Sports Medicine. (2014) ACSM's guidelines for exerce testing and prescription. 9th edition, USA, Human Kinetics.

Araújo, C.G.S., Herdy, A.H. and Stein R. (2013) Maximum oxygen consumption measurement: valuable biological marker in health and in sickness. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 100(4), e51-e53. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20130085

Bland, J.M. and Altman, D.G. (1986) Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 327, 307-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(86)90837-8

Bland, J.M. and Altman, D.G. (1999) Measuring agreement in method comparison studies. Stat Methods Med Res 8, 135-160. https://doi.org/10.1177/096228029900800204

Ekblom-Bak, E., Ekblom, B., Vikstrom, M., Faire, U. and Hellénius, M.L. (2014) The importance of non-exercise physical activity for cardiovascular health and longevity. Br J Sports Med 48, 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2012-092038

Evans, H.J.L., Ferrar, K.E., Smith, A.E., Parfitt, G. and Eston, R.G. (2015) A systematic review of methods to predict maximal oxygen uptake from submaximal, open circuit spirometry in healthy adults. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 18(2), 183-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.03.006

Hawkins, S., Wiswell, R. (2003) Rate and mechanism of maximal oxygen consumption decline with aging: implications for exercise training. Sports Medicine 33(12), 877-888. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333120-00002

Herdy, A.H., Ritt, L.E., Stein, R., Araújo, C.G.S., Milani, M., Meneghello, R.S., Ferraz, A., Hossri, C.A.C., Almeida, A.E.M., Silva, M.M. and Serra, S.M. (2016) Cardiopulmonary exercise test: fundamentals, applicability and interpretation. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 107(5), 467-481. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20160171

Ismail, H., McFarlane, R., Dieberg, G. and Smart, N.A. (2014) Exercise training program characteristics and magnitude of change in functional capacity of heart failure patients. International Journal of Cardiology 171(1), 62-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.11.045

Levine, B.D. (2008) VO2max: what do we know, and what we do still need to know? Journal of Physiology 586(1), 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.147629

Lourenço, T.F; Tessuti, L.S; Martins, L.E.B; Brezinkofer, R. and Macedo, D.V. (2007) Metabolic interpretations of ventilatory parameters during a maximal effort test and their applicability to sports. Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 9(3), 303-310.

Malek, M. H., Housh, T. J., Berger, D. E., Coburn, J. W., & Beck, T. W. (2005). A new non-exercise-based Vo2max prediction equation for aerobically trained men. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(3), 559–565. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4287(2005)19[559:ANNOPE]2.0.CO;2

Marfell-Jones, M., Olds, T., Stewart, A. and Carter, L. (2006) International standards for anthropometric assessment. Potchefstroom. South África: ISAK.

Nunes, R.A.M., Castro, J.B.P., Machado, A.F., Silva, J.B., Godoy, E.S., Menezes, L.S., Bocalini, D.S. and Vale, R.G.S. (2016) Estimation of VO2 max for elderly women. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online 19(6), 180-190.

Nunes, R.A.M., Vale, R.G.S., Simão, R., Salles, B.F., Reis, V.M., Novaes, J.S., Miranda, H., Rhea, M.R. and Medeiros, A.C. (2009) Prediction of VO2max during cycle ergometry based on submaximal ventilatory indicators. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 23(6), 1745-1751. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b45c49

Ramos, P.S. and Araújo, C.G.S. (2013) Analysis of the stability of a submaximal variable in the cardiopulmonary exercise testing: Cardiopulmonary optimal point. Brazilian Journal of Physical Activity and Health 18(5), 585-593.

Sanada, K., Midorikawa, T., Yasuda, T., Kearns, C.F. and Abe, T. (2007) Development of non-exercise prediction models of maximal oxygen uptake in healthy Japanese young men. European Journal of Applied Physiology 99(2), 143-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-006-0325-3

Silva, C.G.S. and Araújo, C.G.S. (2015) Sex-specific equations to estimate maximum oxygen uptake in cycle ergometry. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 105(4), 381-389. https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20150089

Storer, T.W., Davis, J.A. and Caiozzo, V.J. (1990) Accurate prediction of VO2max in cycle ergometry. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 22(5), 704-712. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199010000-00024

Tharret, S.J.; Peterson, J.A. and American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) (2012) ACSM's health/fitness facilities satandards and guidelines. 4th edition, USA.

Wier, L.T., Jackson, A.S., Ayers, G.W. and Arenare, B. (2006) Nonexercise models for estimating VO2max with waist girth, percent fat, or BMI. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38(3), 556-561. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000193561.64152




DOI: https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2017.124.06





Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.