Evaluation of effective demographic variables in competition performances of Turkish wrestling referees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.131.07Keywords:
Wrestling referee, Official wrestling competition, Referee competition performance, Successful referee profileAbstract
Management of wrestling competitions of equal competitors is often assigned to successful referees. For this reason, it is important to determine the demographic variables that influence the referees’ level of success. In this context, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effective demographic variables in competition performances of Turkish wrestling referees using the logistic regression analysis. The purpose of this research was explained to the referees and voluntary participation was provided. The research data consist of demographic variables and the referee evaluation reports of the year 2016 calculated by the Central Referee Committee of the Turkish Wrestling Federation. The referees were classified as successful (between 7-8.5 points) and unsuccessful (between ≥8.5-10 points) according to their performance scores. Accordingly, the international referees were 49 times more successful than the national referees in a competition. The referees who wrestled at the international level were 6 times more successful than the referees wrestling at the national level and who did not wrestle. Referees whose ages 31-40 and ≥41 were 7.9 and 24.9 times more successful than ≤30 age respectively. Moreover, it was determined that those who were refereeing for social identity, a hobby, and other reasons in a competition were, respectively, 6, 39 and 22 times more possible to be successful than those who were refereeing for social status. Consequently, if a successful referee performance was desired, the ones should be selected as who were over 41 years of age and wrestled at the international level, and who were international level referees that were refereeing as a hobby or other. Thus, a more successful referee performance can be achieved in competitions.
Funding
This work was supported by the Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Coordination Office with the number of 17.KARIYER.106.Downloads
References
Bayraktar, G., Tekin, M., Eroglu, H., & Cicioglu, I. (2006). Evaluation of the anxiety level of both national and international wrestling referees. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 8(4), 22-31. Retrieved from http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/297118
British Wrestling, (2017). Retrieved from http://www.britishwrestling.org/page.asp?section=245§ionTitle=Referees%2FJudges
Castagna, C., Abt, G., & D'ottavio, S. (2002). Relation between fitness tests and match performance in elite Italian soccer referees. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 16, 231-235.
Chapman, M. (1990). Encyclopedia of American wrestling. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Ekmekci, R. (2011). İyi bir hakemin özellikleri. Pamukkale Journal of Sport Sciences, 2, 1-5. Retrieved from http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/psbd/article/view/1062000039
Folkesson, P., Nyberg, C., Archer, T., & Norlander, T. (2002). Soccer referees' experience of threat and aggression: Effects of age, experience, and life orientation on outcome of coping strategy. Aggressive behavior, 28, 317-327. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.90028
Franchini, E., Brito, C.J., & Artioli, G.G. (2012). Weight loss in combat sports: physiological, psychological and performance effects. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9, 52-57. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-52
Goral, K. (2014). The examination of the relationship between maximum aerobic power, forced vital capacity and body composition in soccer players. Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science, 8, 173-179. Retrieved from http://dergi.nigde.edu.tr/index.php/besyodergi/article/view/623/575
Turkish Wrestling Referees Association (2016). Retrieved from http://www.gureshakemleri.org/sinav.asp
Ilkım, T. Y., & Gullu, M. (2016). Investigation of the job satisfaction and burnout levels of the wrestling referees according to various factors in Turkey. Journal of Human Sciences, 13, 3469-3481. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i2.4008
Isik, O., Alpay, C.B., Hazar S., & Eker H. (2014). A study examining the effects of changed rules of wrestling competitions on the muscular damage levels of the elite wrestlers. Turkish journal of Sport and exercise, 16, 18-24. https://doi.org/10.15314/TJSE.201416014
Isik, O., Gokdemir, K., Bastik, C. Yildirim, I., & Dogan, I. (2013). A study on elite wrestlers: weight loss and depression. Nigde Univ J Phys Educ Sport Sci, 7, 216-223. Retrieved from http://dergi.ohu.edu.tr/index.php/besyodergi/article/view/607/458
MacMahon, C., Helsen, W.F., Starkes, J.L., & Weston, M. (2007). Decision-making skills and deliberate practice in elite association football referees. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(1), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410600718640
Nande, P.J., & Vali, S.A. (2010). Fitness evaluation tests for competitive sports. Mumbai: Himalaya Publishing House.
Russell, M.K. ve Airasian, P.W. (2012). Classroom assessment: Concepts and applications. New York: McGraw Hill.
Speers, J. F. (2008). Design and utilization of performance assessment by vocational educators. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Department of Educational Administration and Foundations, Illinois State University.
Tasmektepligil, M. Y., Aydin, I., Agaoglu, S. A., & Ogreten, N. (2004). Farkli branşlarda görev yapan faal hakemlerin maç öncesi durumluk kaygi düzeylerinin karşilaştirilmasi ve bazi değişkenlerin durumluk kaygilarina etkileri. Gazi beden eğitimi ve spor bilimleri dergisi, 9(4), 25-40. Retrieved from http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/292432
Tünnemann, H. (2013). Evolution and adjustments for the new rules in wrestling. International Journal of Wrestling Science, 3(2), 94-104. https://doi.org/10.1080/21615667.2013.10878992
UWW Referee List, (2017). Retrieved from https://unitedworldwrestling.org/sites/default/files/media/document/liste_totale_arbitres_2017_3.pdf
World Health Organization, (2000). Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. WHO 894. Technical Report Series.
Yalcin I, Soyer F, Ramazanoglu F, Aksu A. Investigation of variations in terms of decision making and trait anxiety level of football referee. Journal of Human Sciences, 2016; 13, 5681-5692. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.4280
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.