Factors associated with shoulder deficit in total rotational motion (DTRM) in adolescent athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.151.05Keywords:
Joint range of motion, Upper extremity, Risk factors, Sports medicineAbstract
Deficit in Total Rotational Motion (DTRM) is a frequent condition in athletes which is directly associated with risk of shoulder injury. However, the identification of risk factors for DTRM in adolescent athletes is not yet established. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify which factors are associated with shoulder deficit in total rotational motion among adolescent athletes. This is an observational cross-sectional study which recruited 178 male adolescent volleyball, handball, swimming, basketball and judo athletes. Information on age, dominance, training frequency, practice time and duration of each session were recorded. The evaluation was composed of a scapular kinematic analysis according to the observational method in order to identify dyskinesis and external and internal rotation amplitude of the glenohumeral joint to assess the presence of internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and DTRM, both using the passive goniometry method. Data analysis was performed using the STATA software in which binary logistic regression was performed with the outcome DTRM and inputting the independent variables of age, training frequency, duration of each session, practice time, modality, scapular dyskinesis and GIRD to identify possible factors. Results shows that adolescent athletes with a weekly training frequency of more than three times a week and affected by GIRD were 2.68 [1.27;5.63] and 9.28 [3.03;28.15] times more likely to present DTRM, respectively. Based on these results, the presence of DTRM was associated with modifiable factors. Physical fitness strategies are advisable in order to control such factors and prevent injuries associated with DTRM.
Downloads
References
Amin N. H., Ryan J., Fening S. D., Soloff L., & Schickendantz M. S. (2015). The Relationship Between Glenohumeral Internal Rotational Deficits, Total Range of Motion, and Shoulder Strength in Professional Baseball Pitchers. Journal of the American Academy Orthopaedic Surgeons, 23(12), 789–796. https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-15-00292
Borsa, P. A., Laudner, K. G., & Sauers, E. L. (2008). Mobility and Stability Adaptations in the Shoulder of the Overhead Athlete. A Theoretical and Evidence-Based Perspective. Sports Medicine, 38(1), 17–36. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838010-00003
Carter, D. (1987). Mechanical loading history and skeletal biology. Journal of Biomechanics, 20(11–12), 1095–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(87)90027-3
Chandler T. J., Kibler W. B., Uhl T. L., et al. (1990). Flexibility comparisons of junior elite tennis players to other athletes. Sports Medicine, 18, 134–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659001800204
Clarsen, B., Bahr, R., Andersson, S. H., Munk, R., & Myklebust, G. (2014). Reduced glenohumeral rotation, external rotation weakness and scapular dyskinesis are risk factors for shoulder injuries among elite male handball players: a prospective cohort study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(17), 1327–1333. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093702
Crockett, H., Gross, L., Wilk, W., Schwartz, M., Reed, J., O'Mara, J., Andrew, J. (2002). Osseous adaptation and range of motion at the glenohumeral joint in professional baseball pitchers. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(1), 20–6. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465020300011701
Freehill, M. T., Ebel, B. G., Archer, K. R., Bancells, R. L., Wilckens, J. H., Mcfarland, E. G., & Cosgarea, A. J. (2011). Glenohumeral Range of Motion in Major League Pitchers : Changes Over the Playing Season. Sports Health, 3(1), 97–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738110374627
Greenberg, E. M., Fernandez-fernandez, A., & Mcclure, P. (2015). The Development of Humeral Retrotorsion and Its Relationship to Throwing Sports. Sports Health, 7(6), 489–496. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738115608830
Hibberd, E. E., Oyama, S., Tatman, J., & Myers, J. B. (2014). Dominant-Limb Range-of-Motion and Humeral-Retrotorsion Adaptation in Collegiate Baseball and Softball Position Players. Journal of Athletic Training, 49(4), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.23
Kibler, W. B., Sciascia, A., & Moore, S. (2012). An acute throwing episode decreases shoulder internal rotation. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 470(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-011-2217-z
Kibler, W. Ben, & Sciascia, A. (2010). Current concepts: scapular dyskinesis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(5), 300–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.058834
Kibler, W. Ben, Sciascia, A., & Thomas, S. J. (2012). Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit : Pathogenesis and Response to Acute Throwing. Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review., 20(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSA.0b013e318244853e
Kibler, W. Ben, Uhl, T. L., Maddux, J. W. Q., Brooks, P. V, Zeller, B., & McMullen, J. (2002). Qualitative clinical evaluation of scapular dysfunction : a reliability study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 11(6), 550–556. https://doi.org/10.1067/mse.2002.126766
Lubiatowski, P., Kaczmarek, P. K., Ślęzak, M., Długosz, J., Bręborowicz, M., Dudziński, W., & Romanowski, L. (2014). Problems of the glenohumeral joint in overhead sports - literature review. Part II - pathology and pathophysiology. Polish Orthopedics and Traumatology, 79, 59–66.
Mair, S. D., Uhl, T. L., Robbe, R. G., & Brindle, K. A. (2004). Physeal changes and range-of-motion differences in the dominant shoulders of skeletally immature baseball players. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 13(5), 487–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2004.02.008
Manske, R., Wilk, K., Davies, G., Ellenbecker, T., & Reinold, M. (2013). Glenohumeral motion deficits: friend or foe? International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 8(5), 537–553.
Meister, K., Day T., Horodyski, M., Kaminski, T.W., Masik, M.P, & Tillman, S. (2005). Rotational Motion Changes in the Glenohumeral Joint of the Adolescent/Little League Baseball Player. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(5), 693–698. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504269936
Myklebust, G., Hasslan, L., Bahr, R., & Steffen, K. (2011). High prevalence of shoulder pain among elite Norwegian female handball players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 23(3), 288–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01398.x
Oliveira, V.M.A., Pitangui, A.C.R., Gomes, M.R.A., Silva, H.A., Passos, M.H.P., & Araújo, R.C. (2017). Shoulder pain in adolescent athletes: prevalence, associated factors and its influence on upper limb function. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 21(2), 107–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.03.005
Ruotolo, C., Price, E., & Panchal, A. (2006). Loss of total arc of motion in collegiate baseball players. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 15(1), 67–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2005.05.006
Shanley, E., Rauh, M J., Michener, L.A., Ellenbecker, T.S., Garrison, J.C., & Thigpen, C.A. (2011). Shoulder range of motion measures as risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries in high school softball and baseball players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(9), 1997–2006. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546511408876
Shanley, E., & Thigpen, C. (2013). Throwing injuries in the adolescent athlete. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 8(5), 630–40.
Uhl, T. L., Kibler, W. B., Gecewich, B., & Tripp, B. L. (2009). Evaluation of clinical assessment methods for scapular dyskinesis. Arthroscopy, 25(11), 1240–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2009.06.007
Wilk, K.E., Macrina, L.C., Fleisig, G.S., Porterfield, R., Simpson, C.D., Harker, P., Andrews, J.R. (2010). Correlation of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit and Total Rotational Motion to Shoulder Injuries in Professional Baseball Pitchers. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(2), 329–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510384223
Wilk, K. E., Reinold, M. M., Macrina, L. C., Porterfi, R., Devine, K. M., Suarez, K., & Andrews, J. R. (2009). Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Measurements Differ Depending on Stabilization Techniques. Sports Physical Therapy, 1(2), 131–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738108331201
Wilk K.E., Meister K, A. J. (2002). Current concepts in the rehabilitation of the overhead throwing athlete. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(1), 136–151. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465020300011201
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.
