Analysis of parents’ behaviour in grassroots football from a systematic observation

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.152.13

Keywords:

Spectators, Grassroot football, Parental observation, Parental behaviour, Observational Instrument

Abstract

A significant number of investigations highlight that parents possess a great potential to influence positively or negatively the sport experience of their children. It is necessary to emphasize that they can also perform an astonishing number of inappropriate behaviours during the course of their sons’ sport events. In this investigation, the management, pressure, comprehension and active participation comments performed by parents in grassroots football matches have been analysed through the systematic observation. Twelve teams have been observed which belong to the 2nd division league of U-15 in the Balearic Islands (Spain) during 2016-17 season through 12 recordings. These comments were coded by trained observers using LINCE® recording software and POISE (Parents’ Observation Instrument at Sport Events) (Kidman and McKenzie, 1996). The results show that neutral comments are the most notorious followed by positives and negatives. In conclusion, it must be mentioned that the relevance of this study is double: (1) It provides objective data about comments done by parents-spectators during the matches of their children; (2) it adds necessary information to carry out a systematic observation of parents and spectators in grassroots sport from the grandstands.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abrams. D. E. (2006) Message posted on electronic mailing list. Youth Sport Newspaper Articles, archived at AbramsD@missoure.edu

Anguera, M. T., and Hernández, A. (2015). Técnicas de análisis en estudios observacionales en ciencias del deporte. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 15(1), 13-30. https://doi.org/10.4321/s1578-84232015000100002

Anguera Argilaga, M. T., Blanco Villaseñor, Ángel, Hernández Mendo, A., & Losada López, J. L. (2011). Diseños Observacionales: Ajuste y aplicación en psicología del deporte. Cuadernos De Psicología Del Deporte, 11(2), 63-76. Retrieved from https://revistas.um.es/cpd/article/view/133241

Anguera Argilaga, M., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2014). Observational methodology and sports psychology: state of affairs. Revista De Psicologia Del Deporte, 23(1), 103-109. Retrieved from https://www.rpd-online.com/article/view/v23-n1-anguera-hernandez-mendo

Blom, L. C., & Drane, D. (2008). Parents' sideline comments: Exploring the reality of a growing issue. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sport Psychology, Vo1 10(3).

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1976). The ecology of human development: history and perspectives. Psychologia, 19(5), 537-549.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977a). Lewinian space and ecological substance. Journal of Social Issues, 33(4), 199-212. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1977.tb02533.x

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977b). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32(7), 513-531.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of Human Development. Cambridge, Harvard University Press. (Trad. Cast.: La ecología del desarrollo humano. Barcelona, Ediciones Paidós, 1987).

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723-742. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.22.6.723

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1992). Ecological systems theory. En R.Vasta (Ed.), Six theories of child development: revised formulations and current issues. (Pp 187-249). Bristol: Jessica Kingsley Publisher.

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1999). Environments in developmental perspective: theoretical and operational models. In S.L. Friedman (Ed.),. Measuring environment across the life span: emerging methods and concepts (pp 3-38). Washington, DC.: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10317-001

Cavalera, C., Diana, B., Elia, M., Jonsson, G. K., Zurloni, V., and Anguera, M. T. (2015). T-patterns analysis in soccer games: Relationship between time and attack actions. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 2015, vol. 15, num. 1, p. 41-50. https://doi.org/10.4321/s1578-84232015000100004

Clark, W. (2008). Kids’ sports. Canadian Social Trends, 85, 54-61.

Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20(1), 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000104

Gabín, B., Camerino, O., Anguera, M. T., and Castañer, M. (2012). Lince: multiplatform sport analysis software. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 46, 4692-4694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.320

Goldstein, J. D. (2005). A Motivational Model of “Sideline Rage” and Aggression in Parents of Youth Soccer Players. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, Vancouver, British Columbia.

Graham, G., Ratliffe, T., Faucette, N., Salter, W., and Walley, P. (1982). Adult spectator verbal behavior at youth sport games: A descriptive analysis. Paper presented at the Association Internationale des Ecoles Superieres d'education Physique, Boston, MA.

Kidman, L., and McKenzie, A. (1996). Parents' verbal comments at sport events. In Investing in children, primary prevention strategies: Proceedings of the Children’s Issues Centre inaugural Child and Family Policy Conference. Dunedin, New Zealand (pp. 344-353).

Kidman, L., McKenzie, A., & McKenzie, B. (1999). The nature and target of parents' comments during youth sport competitions. Journal of Sport Behavior, 22(1), 54–68.

Kuyper, T. (2006) Daddy, keep your pants on, will you, please? The Times Union, p. C2.

Landis, J. R., and Koch, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 159-174. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529310

Lozano, D., Camerino, O., & Hileno, R. (2016). Análisis del comportamiento táctico ofensivo en momentos críticos de juego en el alto rendimiento en balonmano: Un estudio Mixed Methods. Cuadernos De Psicología Del Deporte, 16(1), 151-160. Retrieved from https://revistas.um.es/cpd/article/view/254451

Omli, J., LaVoi, N. M., and Wiese-Bjornstal, D. M. (2008). Towards an understanding of parent spectator behavior at youth sport events. The Journal of Youth Sports, 3(2), 30-33.

Omli. J., LaVoi, N. M., Wiese-Bjornstal, D. M. and Rodd, C. (2007) A perfect storm?: Parental background anger in youth sport presented at the meeting of the Association for Applied Sport Psychology. Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

Randall, L. E., & McKenzie, T. L. (1987). Spectator verbal behavior in organized youth soccer: a descriptive analysis. Journal of Sport Behavior, 10(4), 200–211.

Shields, D. L., Bredemeier, B. L., LaVoi, N. M., and Power, F. C. (2005). The sport behavior of youth, parents, and coaches: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Journal of Research in Character Education, 3(1), 43.

Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., and Hunt, E. (1977). A system for the behavioral assessment of athletic coaches. Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 48(2), 401-407. https://doi.org/10.1080/10671315.1977.10615438

Torrico, E., Santín, C., Villas, M., Menéndez, S. and López, M. (2002). El modelo ecológico de Bronfenbrenner como marco teórico de la Psicooncología. Anales de Psicología, 18 (1), 45-59.

Walters, S. R. (2011). Whose game are we playing? A study of the effects of adult involvement on children participating in organised team sports (Doctoral thesis). Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.

Walters, S. R., Schluter, P., Thomson, R., and Payne, D. (2011). The effects of adult involvement on children participating in organised team sports. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Retrieved from: http://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/handle/10292/2415

Wann, D. L., Melnick, M. J., Russell, G. W., and Pease, D. G. (2001). Sport fans: The psychology and social impact of spectators. Routledge.

Statistics

Statistics RUA

Published

2020-06-01

How to Cite

Palou, P., Pulido, D., Borràs, P. A., & Ponseti, F. J. (2020). Analysis of parents’ behaviour in grassroots football from a systematic observation. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(2), 387–399. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.152.13

Issue

Section

Articles