Running virtual: The effect of virtual reality on exercise

Authors

  • Coleen McClure State University of New York, United States
  • Damian Schofield State University of New York, United States

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.154.13

Keywords:

Virtual Reality (VR), Heart Rate (HR), Exercise, Beats Per Minute (BPM), Bodily Sensations (BS)

Abstract

Research has shown that exercise among college aged persons has dropped over recent years (Lindahl, 2015; Sheppard, 2016). Many factors could be contributing to this reduction in exercise including: large workloads, the need to work during school, or perhaps technology use. A number of recent studies are showing the benefits of using virtual reality systems in exercise and are demonstrating that the use of such technology can lead to an increase in the number of young adults engaging in exercise. This study focuses on the effects that virtual reality has on heart rate and other bodily sensations during a typical work out. This study also analyses the participants ability to pay less attention to their bodily sensations during exercise when using a virtual reality system. During this experiment, participants were exposed to two different conditions. Condition one being a traditional work out, riding an exercise bike at a middle tension level. Condition two was the same but the participant was wearing a virtual reality headset. The data collected led to the conclusion that working out while wearing a virtual reality headset will lead to a higher heart rate, and in turn can lead to burning more calories during a workout. The study also found participants who wore the virtual reality headset were able to remove themselves from their bodily sensations allowing them to workout longer.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Åkerberg, A., Koshmak, G., Johansson, A. and Lindén, M. (2015) Heart rate measurement as a tool to quantify sedentary behavior. Studies In Health Technology And Informatics, 211, 105–110.

Baños, R. M., Escobar, P., Cebolla, A., Guixeres, J., Alvarez Pitti, J., Lisón, J. F. and Botella, C. (2016) Using Virtual Reality to Distract Overweight Children from Bodily Sensations During Exercise. CyberPsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 19(2), 115–119. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0283

Barkley, J. E. and Lepp, A. (2016) Mobile phone use among college students is a sedentary leisure behavior which may interfere with exercise. Computers in Human Behavior, 56, 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.001

Berntson, G. G., Thomas Bigger Jr, J., Eckberg, D. L., Grossman, P., Kaufmann, P. G., Malik, M. and van der Molen, M. W. (1997) Heart rate variability: origins, methods, and interpretive caveats. Psychophysiology, 34(6), 623-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x

Buckworth, J. and Nigg, C. (2004) Physical activity, exercise, and sedentary behavior in college students, Journal of American College Health, 53(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.3200/jach.53.1.28-34

De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Crombez, G., Deforche, B., Vinaimont, F., Debode, P. and Bouckaert, J. (2002) Effects of distraction on treadmill running time in severely obese children and adolescents. International Journal Of Obesity And Related Metabolic Disorders: Journal Of The International Association For The Study Of Obesity, 26(8), 1023–1029. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802052

Filbrich, L., Alamia, A., Blandiaux, S., Burns, S. and Legrain, V. (2017) Shaping visual space perception through bodily sensations: Testing the impact of nociceptive stimuli on visual perception in peripersonal space with temporal order judgments. PLoS ONE, 12 (8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182634

Fricke, H., Lechner, M. and Steinmayr, A. (2018) The effects of incentives to exercise on student performance in college. Economics of Education Review, 66, 14-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2018.06.009

Gonçalves, V.O. and Martínez, J.P. (2018) Gender and Physical Exercise in Adolescents and College Students. Cadernos de Pesquisa, 48(170), 1114–1128.

Cho, H. and Sohng, K. (2014) The Effect of a Virtual Reality Exercise Program on Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Fatigue in Hemodialysis Patients. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 26(10), 1661–1665. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.26.1661

Jagadheeswari, R., Devi, R. G. and Priya, A. J. (2018) Evaluating the effects of video games on blood pressure and heart rate. Drug Invention Today, 10, 2702–2704.

Jeong, K., Jung, E. Y. and Park, D. K. (2009). Trend of wireless u-health. In 2009 9th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology, IEEE, 829-833. https://doi.org/10.1109/iscit.2009.5341125

Lara, L. A. M. (2018) Explaining the felt location of bodily sensations through body representations, Consciousness and Cognition, 60, 17–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2018.01.007

Lee, M., Son, J., Kim, J. and Yoon, B. (2015) Individualized feedback-based virtual reality exercise improves older trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 61(2), 154–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2015.06.010

Lindahl, J., Stenling, A., Lindwall, M. and Colliander, C. (2015). Trends and knowledge base in sport and exercise psychology research: a bibliometric review study. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 8(1), 71-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984x.2015.1019540

Meyers, S. and Larson, M. (2018) Physical Activity, Stress, and Academic Performance in College: Does Exposure to Stress Reduction Information Make a Difference? College Student Journal, 52(4), 452–457.

Nichols, S. and Patel, H. (2002) Health and safety implications of virtual reality: a review of empirical evidence. Applied ergonomics, 33(3), 251-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-6870(02)00020-0

Orman, E. K. (2003) Effect of Virtual Reality Graded Exposure on Heart Rate and Self-Reported Anxiety Levels of Performing Saxophonists. Journal of Research in Music Education, 51(4), 302. https://doi.org/10.2307/3345657

Sheppard, M. (2016). Nutrition and Exercise Trends Throughout the College Experience, Honors Thesis, Merrimack College.

Steptoe, A., Wardle, J., Cui, W., Bellisle, F., Zotti, A. M., Baranyai, R. and Sanderman, R. (2002) Trends in smoking, diet, physical exercise, and attitudes toward health in European university students from 13 countries, 1990–2000. Preventive Medicine, 35(2), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1006/pmed.2002.1048

Tsai, C.F., Yeh, S.C., Huang, Y., Wu, Z., Cui, J. and Zheng, L. (2018) The Effect of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality on Inducing Anxiety for Exposure Therapy: A Comparison Using Heart Rate Variability. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6357351

Statistics

Statistics RUA

Published

2020-12-01

How to Cite

McClure, C., & Schofield, D. (2020). Running virtual: The effect of virtual reality on exercise. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(4), 861–870. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.154.13

Issue

Section

Articles