Intra and intersession reliability of the Run RocketTM in recreationally trained participants

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.161.05

Keywords:

Athletic training, Sports performance, Exercise training

Abstract

Sprint performance plays an important role in the success of many sports including track and field and team-based sports. Resisted sprint equipment has shown to be an effective method to increase sprint velocity and acceleration. The aim of the study was to determine the intrasession and intersession (7 days) reliability of a commercially available resisted sprint machine in recreationally trained individuals for two resistance settings. Fourteen recreationally active participants partook in the study (male = 10, female = 4) over a 7-day period. Three maximal 15m sprints, at two resistance levels (R0 and R5), were undertaken in a randomised order (6 sprints in total at each trial). Intrasession (comparison of the first 3 sprints for each trial) and intersession (mean of the 3 sprints for both trials) correlation coefficient (ICC), coefficients of variation (%CV), average variability, SEM and minimal detectable difference were calculated for 5 and 15m for both resistance levels. Intrasession reliability was very large to nearly perfect across both distances and resistance levels (ICC range .79 - .98), %CV ranged between 2.4 - 5.8% with larger values seen during the first trial for three of the four indices. Intersession reliability was very large to nearly perfect across all variables (ICC range .87 - .97), %CV was small and ranged between 2.0 - 4.1%. Average variability was small for all measurements. The Run RocketTM showed high intra and intersession reliability. The results show that this equipment could be reliably used within a sprint programme for recreationally trained individuals.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Andre, M., Fry, A., Bradford, L., & Buhr, K. (2013). Determination of Friction and Pulling Forces During a Weighted Sled Pull. J Strength Cond Res, 27(5), 1175-1178. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318269aaef

Bachero-Mena, B., & González-Badillo, J. (2014). Effects of Resisted Sprint Training on Acceleration With Three Different Loads Accounting for 5, 12.5, and 20% of Body Mass. J Strength Cond Res, 28(10), 2954-2960. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000492

Bartolini, J., Brown, L., Coburn, J et al. (2011). Optimal Elastic Cord Assistance for Sprinting in Collegiate Women Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res, 25(5), 1263-1270. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318215f575

Bradshaw, E., Hume, P., Calton, M., & Aisbett, B. (2010). Reliability and variability of day-to-day vault training measures in artistic gymnastics. Sports Biomech, 9(2), 79-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2010.488298

Bridgeman, L., McGuigan, M., Gill, N., & Dulson, D. (2016). Test-Retest Reliability of a Novel Isokinetic Squat Device With Strength-Trained Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 30(11), 3261-3265. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000001410

Clark, D., Sabick, M., Pfeiffer, R., Kuhlman, S., Knigge, N. & Shea, K. (2009). Influence of Towing Force Magnitude on the Kinematics of Supramaximal Sprinting. J Strength Cond Res, 23(4),1162-1168. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318194df84

Cronin, J. & Hansen, K. (2006). Resisted Sprint Training for the Acceleration Phase of Sprinting. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 28(4), 42-51. https://doi.org/10.1519/1533-4295(2006)028[0042:rstfta]2.0.co;2

Cross, M., Brughelli, M., & Cronin, J. (2014). Effects of Vest Loading on Sprint Kinetics and Kinematics. J Strength Cond Res, 28(7), 1867-1874. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000354

Cross, M., Tinwala, F., Lenetsky, S., Samozino, P., Brughelli, M., & Morin, J. (2016). Determining friction and effective loading for sled sprinting. J Sports Sci, 35(22), 2198-2203. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1261178

Cross, M., Brughelli, M., Samozino, P., Brown, S., & Morin, J. (2017). Optimal Loading for Maximizing Power During Sled-Resisted Sprinting. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 12(8), 1069-1077. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0362

de Hoyo, M., Gonzalo-Skok, O., Sañudo, B., Carrascal, C., Plaza-Armas, J., Camacho-Candil, F., & Otero-Esquina, C. (2016). Comparative Effects of In-Season Full-Back Squat, Resisted Sprint Training, and Plyometric Training on Explosive Performance in U-19 Elite Soccer Players. J Str Cond Res, 30(2), 368-377. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000001094

Duthie, G., Pyne, D., Marsh, D., & Hooper, S. (2006). Sprint Patterns in Rugby Union Players During Competition. J Strength Cond Res, 20(1), 208-214.

Dvorak, J., Junge, A., & Grimm, K. (2005). Football medicine manual. Zurich: F-MARC, 81-93.

Ebben, W., Davies, J., & Clewien, R. (2008). Effect of the Degree of Hill Slope on Acute Downhill Running Velocity and Acceleration. J Strength Cond Res, 22(3), 898-902. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31816a4149

Gabbett, T. (2012). Sprinting Patterns of National Rugby League Competition. J Strength Cond Res, 26(1), 121-130. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31821e4c60

Girard, O., Mendez-Villanueva, A., & Bishop, D. (2011). Repeated-Sprint Ability – Part I. Sports Med, 41(8), 673-694. https://doi.org/10.2165/11590550-000000000-00000

Harrison, A., & Bourke, G. (2009). The Effect of Resisted Sprint Training on Speed and Strength Performance in Male Rugby Players. J Strength Cond Res, 23(1), 275-283. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318196b81f

Hopkins, W.G. (2000). Measures of Reliability in Sports Medicine and Science. Sports Med, 30, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200030010-00001

Hopkins, W. (2002). A New View of Statistics. Sportsciorg. Available at: http://www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/effectmag.html

Hopkins, W., G. (2015). Spreadsheets for analysis of variability and reliability. Sportscience, 19, 36-42.

Johnson, A., Eastman, C., Feland, J., Mitchell, U., Mortensen, B., & Eggett, D. (2013). Effect of High-Speed Treadmill Training With a Body Weight Support System in a Sport Acceleration Program With Female Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res, 27(6), 1496-1502. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31826cac04

Kawamori, N., Nosaka, K., & Newton, R. (2013). Relationships Between Ground Reaction Impulse and Sprint Acceleration Performance in Team Sport Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 27(3), 568-573. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318257805a

Kawamori, N., Newton, R., Hori, N., & Nosaka, K. (2014). Effects of Weighted Sled Towing With Heavy Versus Light Load on Sprint Acceleration Ability. J Strength Cond Res, 28(10), 2738-2745. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182915ed4

Koo, T., & Li, M. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J Chiropr Med, 15(2), 155-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012

Lockie, R., Murphy, A., Knight, T., & Janse de Jonge, X. (2011). Factors That Differentiate Acceleration Ability in Field Sport Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 25(10), 2704-2714. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31820d9f17

Lockie, R., Murphy, A., Schultz, A., Knight, T., & Janse de Jonge, X. (2012). The Effects of Different Speed Training Protocols on Sprint Acceleration Kinematics and Muscle Strength and Power in Field Sport Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 26(6), 1539-1550. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318234e8a0

Lockie, R., Murphy, A., Callaghan, S., & Jeffriess, M. (2014). Effects of Sprint and Plyometrics Training on Field Sport Acceleration Technique. J Strength Cond Res, 28(7), 1790-1801. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000297

Makaruk, B., Sozański, H., Makaruk, H., & Sacewicz, T. (2013). The Effects of Resisted Sprint Training on Speed Performance in Women. Human Movement, 14(2), 116-122. https://doi.org/10.2478/humo-2013-0013

Malone, S., Hughes, B., Doran, D., Collins, K., & Gabbett, T. (2019). Can the workload–injury relationship be moderated by improved strength, speed and repeated-sprint qualities?. J Sci Med Sport, 22(1), 29-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.01.010

Martínez-Valencia, M., Romero-Arenas, S., Elvira, J., González-Ravé, J., Navarro-Valdivielso, F., & Alcaraz, P. (2015). Effects of Sled Towing on Peak Force, the Rate of Force Development and Sprint Performance During the Acceleration Phase. J Hum Kinet, 46(1), 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0042

Matthews, M., Comfort, P., & Crebin, R. (2010). Complex Training in Ice Hockey: The Effects of a Heavy Resisted Sprint on Subsequent Ice-Hockey Sprint Performance. J Strength Cond Res, 24(11), 2883-2887. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181e7253c

Monte, A., Nardello, F., & Zamparo, P. (2017). Sled Towing: The Optimal Overload for Peak Power Production. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 12(8), 1052-1058. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0602

Morin, J., Slawinski, J., Dorel, S. et al. (2015). Acceleration capability in elite sprinters and ground impulse: Push more, brake less?. J Biomech, 48(12), 3149-3154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.07.009

Pantoja, P., Carvalho, A., Ribas, L. & Peyré-Tartaruga, L. (2018). Effect of weighted sled towing on sprinting effectiveness, power and force-velocity relationship. PLOS ONE, 13(10), p.e0204473. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204473

Paulson, S., & Braun, W. (2011). The Influence of Parachute-Resisted Sprinting on Running Mechanics in Collegiate Track Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 25(6), 1680-1685. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181dba3f5

Petrakos, G., Morin, J., & Egan, B. (2016). Resisted Sled Sprint Training to Improve Sprint Performance: A Systematic Review. Sports Med, 46(3), 381-400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0422-8

Scanlan, A., Dascombe, B., & Reaburn, P. (2011). A comparison of the activity demands of elite and sub-elite Australian men's basketball competition. J Sports Sci, 29(11), 1153-1160. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.582509

Shalfawi, S., Enoksen, E., Tønnessen, E., & Ingebrigtsen, J. (2012). Assessing the test-retest reliability of the portable Brower Speed Trap II testing system. Kinesiology, 11(1), 24-30.

Sierer, S., Battaglini, C., Mihalik, J., Shields, E., & Tomasini, N. (2008). The National Football League Combine: Performance Differences Between Drafted and Nondrafted Players Entering the 2004 and 2005 Drafts. J Strength Cond Res, 22(1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31815ef90c

Spencer, M., Lawrence, S., Rechichi, C., Bishop, D., Dawson, B., & Goodman, C. (2004). Time–motion analysis of elite field hockey, with special reference to repeated-sprint activity. J Sports Sci, 22(9), 843-850. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001716715

Till, K., Cobley, S., O’Hara, J., Brightmore, A., Cooke, C., & Chapman, C. (2011). Using anthropometric and performance characteristics to predict selection in junior UK Rugby League players. J Sci Med Sport, 14(3), 264-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2011.01.006

Tønnessen, E., Shalfawi, S., Haugen, T., & Enoksen, E. (2011). The Effect of 40-m Repeated Sprint Training on Maximum Sprinting Speed, Repeated Sprint Speed Endurance, Vertical Jump, and Aerobic Capacity in Young Elite Male Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res, 25(9), 2364-2370. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182023a65

Upton, D. (2011). The Effect of Assisted and Resisted Sprint Training on Acceleration and Velocity in Division IA Female Soccer Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 25(10), 2645-2652. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318201be16

Weir, J. (2005). Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res, 19(1), 231-240.

West, D., Cunningham, D., Bracken, R. et al. (2013). Effects of Resisted Sprint Training on Acceleration in Professional Rugby Union Players. J Strength Cond Res, 27(4), 1014-1018. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e3182606cff

Downloads

Statistics

Statistics RUA

Published

2021-02-04

How to Cite

Godwin, M., Matthews, J., Stanhope, E., & Richards, K. (2021). Intra and intersession reliability of the Run RocketTM in recreationally trained participants. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.161.05

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 1

Section

Performance Analysis of Sport

License

Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.

Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.

Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.

This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:

Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.

NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.

No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.

No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.

Transfer of Copyright

In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.

Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.

Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.

Competing Interests

Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.

JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.