Circuit training as a method of adaptation and prevention for people with type 2 diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc3.22Keywords:
Endurance training, Aerobic training, Type 2 diabetes, Circuit training, VO2maxAbstract
The problem encountered in the diabetic population is lack of time or a prolonged exercise session. The primary purpose of this study was, therefore, to check whether a reduced training session such as 40-minute circuit training was able to optimize VO2max levels, to identify factors that improve adherence to physical exercise. A sample of 30 subjects with an average age of 50 years (with type 2 diabetes mellitus) has been recruited in random mode. Subjects did a circuit training workout for eight weeks with a frequency of 3 weekly sessions of 40 minutes each for a total of 120 minutes per week. The 6-minute walking test was administered in and out. The T-test for dependent samples was used to detect the difference between the two groups (p < .05). The circuit training program has led to an increase in the level of cardiorespiratory form. The average VO2max increased significantly (p < .05) compared to the basic values, with an increase of +6.08%. The circuit training carried out for 8 weeks, lasting 40 minutes with intensity between 50 and 75% of the VO2max, is able to achieve appreciable improvements on cardiorespiratory fitness.
Downloads
References
Adeniyi, A. F., Uloko, A. E., & Sani-Suleiman, I. (2010). Relationship Between the 6-minute Walk Test and Correlates of Type 2 Diabetes: Indication for caution in exercise prescription. African Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, 2(1), 21-24. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajprs.v2i1.62602
Altavilla, G., D'Isanto, T., Di Tore, A.P., Raiola, G. (2018a). Free throw and outcomes: Pilot study on intensive training versus extensive one. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 13 (3), pp. 494-503. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.133.02
Altavilla, G., D'Elia, F., Raiola, G. (2018b) A brief review of the effects of physical activity in subjects with cardiovascular disease: An interpretative key. Sport Mont, 16 (3), pp. 103-106. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.181018
Boulé, N. G., Kenny, G. P., Haddad, E., Wells, G. A., & Sigal, R. J. (2003). Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia, 46(8), 1071-1081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-003-1160-2
Carter, R., Holiday, D. B., Nwasuruba, C., Stocks, J., Grothues, C., & Tiep, B. (2003). 6-minute walk work for assessment of functional capacity in patients with COPD. Chest, 123(5), 1408-1415. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.123.5.1408
Cataldi, S., Francavilla, V.C., Bonavolontà, V., De Florio, O., Carvutto, R., De Candia, M., Latino, F., Fischetti, F. (2021). Proposal for a fitness program in the school setting during the covid 19 pandemic: Effects of an 8-week crossfit program on psychophysical well-being in healthy adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18 (6), art. no. 3141, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063141
Cauza, E., Hanusch-Enserer, U., Strasser, B., Ludvik, B., Metz-Schimmerl, S., Pacini, G., ... & Haber, P. (2005). The relative benefits of endurance and strength training on the metabolic factors and muscle function of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 86(8), 1527-1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2005.01.007
Church, T. S., Blair, S. N., Cocreham, S., Johannsen, N., Johnson, W., Kramer, K., ... & Earnest, C. P. (2010). Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Jama, 304(20), 2253-2262. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1710
D'Elia, F., D'Isanto, T., Altavilla, G. (2019). Training and performance in the transition period. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 14 (Proc2), pp. S258-S262. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2019.14.Proc2.15
D'Elia, D., Domenico, F.D., Isanto, T.D., Altavilla, G., Raiola, G. (2020) From biomechanics to motor learning, Acta Medica Mediterranea, 36 (5), pp. 3073-3078.
D'Isanto, T., D'Elia, F., Raiola, G., Altavilla, G. (2019) Assessment of sport performance: Theoretical aspects and practical indications, Sport Mont, 17 (1), pp. 79-82. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.190214
Dourado, V.Z. (2011). Reference equations for the 6-minute walk test in healthy individuals. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 96(6), e128-e138. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2011005000024
Durnin, J. V. G. A., & Rahaman, M. M. (1967). The assessment of the amount of fat in the human body from measurements of skinfold thickness. British journal of Nutrition, 21(3), 681-689. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19670070
Fatone, C., Guescini, M., Balducci, S., Battistoni, S., Settequattrini, A., Pippi, R., ... & De Feo, P. (2010). Two weekly sessions of combined aerobic and resistance exercise are sufficient to provide beneficial effects in subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 33(7), 489-495. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03346630
Fischetti, F., Greco, G., Cataldi, S., Minoia, C., Loseto, G., Guarini, A. (2019) Effects of physical exercise intervention on psychological and physical fitness in lymphoma patients Medicina (Lithuania), 55 (7), art. no. 379Gaetano, A. (2016)Relationship between physical inactivity and effects on individual health status, Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 16, pp. 1069-1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55070379
Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I. M., ... & Swain, D. P. (2011). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 43(7), 1334-1359. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb
Hansen, D., Dendale, P., Jonkers, R. A. M., Beelen, M., Manders, R. J. F., Corluy, L., ... & Van Loon, L. J. C. (2009). Continuous low-to moderate-intensity exercise training is as effective as moderate-to high-intensity exercise training at lowering blood HbA 1c in obese type 2 diabetes patients. Diabetologia, 52(9), 1789-1797. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1354-3
Hawkins, M. N., Raven, P. B., Snell, P. G., Stray-Gundersen, J., & Levine, B. D. (2007). Maximal oxygen uptake as a parametric measure of cardiorespiratory capacity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 39(1), 103-107.
Heesch, K. C., & Mâsse, L. C. (2004). Lack of time for physical activity: perception or reality for African American and Hispanic women?. Women & health, 39(3), 45-62. https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v39n03_04
Hill, K., Wickerson, L. M., Woon, L. J., Abady, A. H., Overend, T. J., Goldstein, R. S., & Brooks, D. (2011). The 6-min walk test: responses in healthy Canadians aged 45 to 85 years. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism, 36(5), 643-649. https://doi.org/10.1139/h11-075
Jacobs, P. L., Nash, M. S., & Rusinowsky, J. W. (2001). Circuit training provides cardiorespiratory and strength benefits in persons with paraplegia. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(5), 711-717. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200105000-00005
Jacobson, A. M., De Groot, M., & Samson, J. A. (1994). The evaluation of two measures of quality of life in patients with type I and type II diabetes. Diabetes care, 17(4), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.17.4.267
Jackson, A. S., Pollock, M. L., & Gettman, L. R. (1978). Intertester reliability of selected skinfold and circumference measurements and percent fat estimates. Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 49(4), 546-551. https://doi.org/10.1080/10671315.1978.10615569
Jenkins, S., Cecins, N., Camarri, B., Williams, C., Thompson, P., & Eastwood, P. (2009). Regression equations to predict 6-minute walk distance in middle-aged and elderly adults. Physiotherapy theory and practice, 25(7), 516-522. https://doi.org/10.3109/09593980802664711
Paoli, A., Pacelli, Q. F., Moro, T., Marcolin, G., Neri, M., Battaglia, G., ... & Bianco, A. (2013). Effects of high-intensity circuit training, low-intensity circuit training and endurance training on blood pressure and lipoproteins in middle-aged overweight men. Lipids in health and disease, 12(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-12-131
Prior, S. J., Blumenthal, J. B., Katzel, L. I., Goldberg, A. P., & Ryan, A. S. (2014). Increased skeletal muscle capillarization after aerobic exercise training and weight loss improves insulin sensitivity in adults with IGT. Diabetes Care, 37(5), 1469-1475. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-2358
Raiola, G. (2019) Comparison of exercise and sport sciences epistemology between european research council structure panel and Italian academic system, Sport Science, 12, pp. 112-120.
Raiola, G. (2020a). Proposal of rearrangement of physical training and sport sciences methodology academic disciplines in Italian university body. Sport Science, 14 (1), pp. 43-47.
Raiola, G. (2020b). The Movement and Sport Science in Italy towards the European Research Council. Physical Culture and Sport, Studies and Research, 86 (1): 37-48. https://doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2020-0011
Raiola, G., Domenico, F.D., Isanto, T.D., Altavilla, G., Elia, F.D. (2020) Biomechanics core, Acta Medica Mediterranea, 36 (5), pp. 3079-3083.
Raiola, G., Di Domenico, F. (2021) Physical and sports activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, art. no. 49, pp. 477-482.
Raiola, G., Aliberti, S. (2021) Outdoor sports and physical activity during social distancing by sports sciences and exercise course students at the university of Salerno, Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21, art. no. 71, pp. 612-617.
Raiola, G., Aliberti, S., Esposito, G., Altavilla, G., D'Isanto, T., D'Elia, F. (2020) How has the practice of physical activity changed during the covid-19 quarantine? a preliminary survey, Teoria ta Metodika Fizicnogo Vihovanna, 20 (4), pp. 242-247. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.4.07
Tiziana, D., Antonetta, M., Gaetano, A. (2017) Health and physical activity [Zdravlje i tjelesna aktivnost] Sport Science, 10 (1), pp. 100-105.
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.