Changes in vertical jump performance and body composition before and after COVID-19 lockdown

Authors

  • Erik Tan National Sports Institute
  • Samuel Montalvo The University of Texas at El Paso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-3428
  • Matthew P. Gonzalez The University of Texas at San Antonio
  • Martin Dietze-Hermosa Brigham Young University
  • See Min National Sports Institute
  • Sandor Dorgo The University of Texas at San Antonio

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2023.181.18

Keywords:

COVID-19, Vertical jump, Wushu, Martial arts, Performance analysis of sport

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of a 16-week COVID-19 lockdown on body composition and vertical jump performance. Thirteen martial artists participated in this study. Participants were tested at: 1) pre-lockdown (pre), 2) post-lockdown (post), 3) two-weeks-post-lockdown (post+2), and 4) four-weeks-post-lockdown (post+4). Repeated-measures-ANOVAs were conducted with post-hoc analyses. Differences were observed in vertical jump height (VJH) (10.33%), peak velocity (PV) (3.10%), reactive-strength-index-modified (RSImod) (13.8%), and peak-propulsive-power (PPP) (6.00%) from pre-to-post. There as an increase from post-to-post+2 in VJ (13.06%), PV (4.12%), RSImod (14.0%), and PPP (4.66%). There was an increase from post to post+2 in VJH (10.8%), PV (3.1%), RSImod (14.0%), and PPP (3.0%). Fat mass (FM) and BF% increased from pre to post (13% and 11%, respectively) and decreased from post to post+4 (8% and 11%, respectively); fat-free mass (FFM) decreased from pre-to-post (11%) and decreased from post-to-post+4 (8%). There were moderate associations (rmc = 0.42-0.47) between FFM and VJH, FMM and PPP, FFM and PV, BF% and PV, and FM and PV. While the lockdown resulted in a significant decrease in vertical jump performance and increases in BF and FM, participant’s performance returned to pre-lockdown levels after only 2-4 weeks of post-lockdown training by decreasing BF, FM, and increasing FFM.

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Author Biographies

Erik Tan, National Sports Institute

Sport Sciences Department.

Samuel Montalvo, The University of Texas at El Paso

Clinical Applied Physiology Laboratory, Rehabilitation Sciences Department & Department of Kinesiology.

See Min, National Sports Institute

Sport Sciences Department.

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Published

01-01-2023

How to Cite

Tan, E., Montalvo, S., Gonzalez, M. P., Dietze-Hermosa, M., Min, S., & Dorgo, S. (2023). Changes in vertical jump performance and body composition before and after COVID-19 lockdown. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 18(1), 224–241. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2023.181.18

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Section

Performance Analysis of Sport