Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

Improving footballers agility performances outcomes with the smart ladder drill prototype inventory for exercising efficiency

Natchanon Sungpook, Juthamas Singchainara, Achara Soachalem, Kanlapruk Polsorn, Toansakul Tony Santiboon

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2023.181.19

Abstract

The first started to investigate the agility characteristics of athletes to improve the agility and speed of football training development into football agility performances using the Illinois Agility Run Test (IART) and the Smart Ladder Test (SLT) were monitored and evaluated three times: previous training, after the fourth week, and after the eighth weekly training with the means of collecting data were measured.  The 40 footballer volunteers from Kasetsart University divided into 20 experimental and 20 control footballer groups. The analysis was compared with the means of their agility and speed with the independent and dependent variables of their previous training three times. The agility and speed tests of footballers with IART Testing in two groups are not significantly different at .05 in the previous and after the fourth week of training; but after the eighth week, the two groups are significantly different at .05. However, for SLT testing showed a significant difference at the .01level after the fourth and eighth weekly training sessions. Footballers’ sports that demand agility, the ability to change direction at speed from an athlete under control when moving at speed, will have an advantage are applied to Basketball, Rugby, Tennis, etc. The IART and SLT measure the development of these key skills. This study can be useful, giving name of areas, disciplines, etc. Commonly used test of agility in sports, and there are many norms available, the test is an electronically timed test and requires maximum speed and effort from applicants to negotiate several traffic cones.

Keywords

Illinois Agility Run Test (IART); Smart Ladder Test (SLT); Agility efficiency; Speed efficiency; Improvement; Development; Means information data; Performance analysis of sport

References

Athletic Trainers, North Central University. (2020). How to become an athletic trainer? https://www.owlguru.com/career/athletic-trainers/requirements/

Bompa, T. (2019). Variables of training. http://coachr.org/variables_of_training.htm

Bühlmayer, L., Birrer, D., Röthlin, P., & Faude, O. (2017). Effects of mindfulness practice on performance-relevant parameters and performance outcomes in sports: A meta-analytical review. Sports Medicine 47(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0752-9

Catherine, S. (2019). The 3 principles of training: Overload, specificity & progression. https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-3-principles-of-training-overload-specificity-progression.html

Champaign, I. L. (2001). Physical education and training, physical fitness, exercise, physical fitness study and teaching : Human Kinetics. Sponsor by Kahle Austin Foundation. High-performance sports conditioning. viii, 367 p.

Childline.com. (2018). Sports and exercise. https://www.childline.org.uk/info-advice/you-your-body/my-body/sport-exercise/

Cissik, J. (2012). Principles of agility training: Part 1. https://www.stack.com/a/principles-of-agility-training

Douge, B. (2011). Football: the common threads between the games. Science and Football (Second ed.). Abingdon: Routledge, 3-19. ISBN 978-0-415-50911-4.

Fetters, L., & Tilson, J. (2012). Evidence based physical therapy. FA Davis Company. https://www.fadavis.com/product/physical-therapy-practical-guide-evidence-based-practice-fetters-tilson

Football Association of Thailand (FAT) (2010). History of the football association of thailand under royal patronage. http://fathailand.org/history

Frey, M. (2020). How to use an agility ladder proper form, variations, and common mistakes. https://www.verywellfit.com/how-to-use-an-agility-ladder-techniques-benefits-variations-4795800

Getchell, L. (1979). Physical Fitness a way of life, 2nd ed. New Jersey, John Wiley and Sons.

Goral, K. (2015). Examination of agility performances of soccer players according to their playing positions. The Sports Journal, Vol. 22. https://doi.org/10.17682/sportjournal/2015.004

Gorilla Sports Australia (GSA). (2020). Agility & speed ladder.

Gvozdyev, B. V., Carreon, L. Y., Graves, C. M., Riley, S. A., McGraw, K. E., Head, R. J., Dimar, J. R., & Glassman, S. D. (2017). Patient-reported outcome scores underestimate the impact of major complications in patients undergoing spine surgery for degenerative conditions. Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine. 27(4), 397-402. https://doi.org/10.3171/2017.3.SPINE161400

Industry: Industrial & Manufacturing. (2014). How to create an effective training program: 8 steps to success. https://www.vectorsolutions.com/resources/blogs/how-to-create-an-effective-training-program-8-steps-to-success/

Jay B Hancock.com. (2011). Performance outcomes. http://www.jaybhancock.com/content/performance-outcomes

Kasper, K. (2019). Sports training principles. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 18(4), 95-96. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000576

Lennemann, L. M., Sidrow, K. M., Johnson, E. M., Harrison, C. R, Vojta, C. N., &Walker, T. B. (2013). The influence of agility training on physiological and cognitive performance. J. S.trength Cond Res. 2013, 27(12), 3300-3309. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828ddf06

McCall, P. (2014). Benefits of agility training for non-athletes. The American Council on Exercise. https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/lifestyle/blog/5041/benefits-of-agility-training-for-non-athletes/

Maps of World. (2012).Thailand sports. https://www.mapsofworld.com/thailand/sports/

Miller, T. A., White, T., Kinley, K. A., & Congleton, J. J. (2002). The effects of training history, player position, and body composition on exercise performance in collegiate football players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 16(1), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200202000-00008

Murray, L. (2013). Managing in Asia: Bryan Robson brings his game to Thailand soccer. WSJ.com. Online. https://www.wsj.com/

National Council of Educational Research & Training. (2019). Sports training. https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/iehp105.pdf

Neil, R., Hanton, S., Fleming, S., & Wilson, K. (2014). The research process in sport, exercise and health: Case Studies of active researchers. ISBN 9780415673501. Published November 12, 2013 by Routledge, 280 Pages. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203126394

Orthopedic One. (2016). Benefits of agility ladder training. https://www.orthopedicone.com/news-events/benefits-of-agility-ladder-training

Performance Health. (2017). Smart Modular Agility Ladder. https://www.performancehealth.com/smart-modular-agility-ladder

Parker, A. (2020). How physical activity in Australian schools can help prevent depression in young people. The Conversation: Articles on Sport and Exercise. https://theconversation.com/us/topics/sport-and-exercise-137

Presley, R. (2020). The best agility ladders 2021. https://www.attacktheback.com/best-agility-ladders/

Quinn, E. (2020). Best agility exercises for athletes. Very Well Fit. https://www.verywellfit.com/best-agility-drills-for-athletes-3120599

Raysmith, B. P., Jacobsson, J., Drew, M. K., & Timpka, T. (2019). What is performance? A scoping review of performance outcomes as study endpoints in athletics. Sports 2019, 7(3), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7030066

Reed-Jones, R. J., Dorgo, S,, Hitchings, M. K., & Bader, J. O. (2012). Vision and agility training in community dwelling older adults: incorporating visual training into programs for fall prevention. Gait Posture. 2012, 35(4), 585-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.11.029

Reilly, T., & Gilbourne, D. (2003). Science and football: a review of applied research in the football code. Journal of Sports Sciences. 21 (9), 693-705. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000102105

Redmond, B.F. (2010). Self-efficacy theory: Do I think I can succeed in my work? Work attitudes and motivation. https://cms.psu.edu

Reilly, T., & Doran, D. (2001). Science and Gaelic football: A review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19 (3), 181-193. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404101750095330

Singchainara, J., Hemara, C., Kuna-apisit, W., Butcharoen, S., & Santiboon, T. T. (2019). Inventory on smart ladder drill prototype for agility exercising performances. Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology, 10(12), 140-152. https://doi.org/10.24214/jecet

Smart Level Ladder. (2020). The safest ladder worldwide. https://www.smartlevelladder.com/home-en.html

Son'kin, V. D. (2015). Physiological laws of ontogeny and their possible applications to the theory of sports training. Human Physiology, 41, 562-572. https://doi.org/10.1134/S036211971505014X

Sports Training Advisor. (2018). Sport research: Tips for reading and interpreting studies.

STACK Expert Bill Rom. (2014). Reactive agility: The next big thing in speed training. https://www.stack.com/a/reactive-agility

Stanford Center for Assessment, Learning and Equity. (2015). Performance outcomes. Stanford University. https://scale.stanford.edu/student/assessment-system/performance-outcomes

The Football Association. (2015). Law 1: The field of play - football rules & governance: The FA. The Football Association. Archived from the original on 10 September 2015. https://www.thefa.com/football-rules-governance/lawsandrules/laws/football-11-11/law-1---the-field-of-play

Tinsley, A. L. (2016). Self-efficacy theory components. https://wikispaces.psu.edu/display/PSYCH484001SP17/Self-efficacy+Theory+Components

US.Myprotein. (2019). How to build a football player's body? https://us.myprotein.com/thezone/training/build-football-players-body/

Vera-Rivera, D. A., Guzman-Pinzon, N. P., & Rodriguez-Neira, D. F. (2019). The principles of sports training as a methodology alternative in the cognitive development of the human being. Journal of Physics, Conference Series 1161 (2019)012007. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1161/1/012007

Vertimax. (2016). Top benefits of agility training for athletes. https://www.vertimax.com/blog/top-benefits-of-agility-training-in-athletes

Walker, O. (2016). Access an entire 6-part course on agility for free. Science for Sports. https://www.scienceforsport.com/agility/

Winkler, H. (2020). What can you do with a master's of athletic training? Southern Utah University Press. https://www.suu.edu/blog/2020/07/athletic-training-careers.html

Yauch, C. A. (2011). Measuring agility as a performance outcome. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 22(3), 384-404. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410381111112738

Young, W. B., McDowell, M. H., & Scarlett, B. J. (2001). Specificity of sprint and agility training methods. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 15(3), 315–319.

Zoid Fitness Team. (2019). Top 8 sports you need agility for. https://www.zoidfitness.com/blog/top-8-sports-you-need-agility-for




DOI: https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2023.181.19





Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.