Is positive self-perception a determinant of cardiovascular performance? A didactic and sustainable view in female university students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2023.181.11Keywords:
Physical activity, Women, Self-perception, MotivationsAbstract
Traditionally women have been less active and physically active than men. Although the recent literature indicates this gender gap, the sexes' difference when practicing sport seems to be decreasing. This study framework's importance could be reflected in the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) proposed by UNESCO, which highlight the need to generate strategies to improve health (SDG 3) and equalize opportunities between men and women (SDG 4). The reasons for these differences are multifactorial, with intrinsic and extrinsic motivations indicated as requiring further research. Self-perception in physical performance has been documented to influence women to perform the exercise and physical activity. Therefore, this research aimed to identify and healthy women's self-perception and motivations to perform in a VO2max test. A total of 31 women (21.12 ± 2.01) completed the research. The study was divided into two principal tests. On the one hand, the measurement of a sub-maximal incremental stress test following established ASCM indications. Heart rate and ventilatory parameters were measured during the stress test using a metabolic measurement system and a gas analyser. After the test, the study sample completed the self-completed Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire and the International Short Form Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF), and the Self Report of Reasons for Physical Activity (AMPEF). Correlation between VO2Max and average weight and body image (r = .001) was detected, showing the positive relationship between both values. The results obtained help confirm the importance of a positive self-perception in women regarding their weight and body image for better physical performance. Although these findings cannot be generalized, they establish a potential relationship between better physical performance and self-perception in most adults.
Funding
Research Group, Pontifical University of Comillas, CESAG, Palma, Spain and SICA Research group HUM 564 (Expresión Corporal) Project PROMOTEX (University of Málaga)Downloads
References
Álvarez-Bueno, C., Pesce, C., Cavero-Redondo, I., Sánchez-López, M., Martínez-Hortelano, J. A., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2017). The Effect of Physical Activity Interventions on Children's Cognition and Metacognition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.06.012
Arévalo, M. T. V., Muñoz, A. F. O., & Cuevas, J. R. T. (2016). Tipologías de estilos de vida en jóvenes universitarios. Universidad y Salud, 18(2), 246-256. https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.161802.35
Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J. F., Martin, B. W., Alkandari, J. R., Andersen, L. B., Blair, S. N., Brownson, R. C., Bull, F. C., Craig, C. L., Ekelund, U., Goenka, S., Guthold, R., Hallal, P. C., Haskell, W. L., Heath, G. W., Inoue, S., … Sarmiento, O. L. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: Why are some people physically active and others not? In The Lancet (Vol. 380, Issue 9838, pp. 258-271). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60735-1
Blanco, H., Verónica Benavides, E., Tristán, J. L., & Mayorga-Vega, D. (2017). Actividad física, imagen corporal y autoconcepto personal en jóvenes universitarias Mexicanas. Revista de Psicologia Del Deporte, 26, 25-33.
Capdevila Ortís, L., Pintanel Bassets, M., & Niñerola i Naymí, J. (2006). Barreras percibidas y actividad física: el autoinforme de barreras para la práctica de ejercicio físico. Revista de Psicología Del Deporte, 15(1), 53-69.
Carriedo, A., González, C., & López, I. (2019). Habits of sports consumption and physical activity practice in university students. Journal of Sport and Health Research, 11(Supl 1), 167-176.
Castañeda-Vázquez, C., del Carmen Campos-Mesa, M., & Del Castillo-Andrés, Ó. (2016). Actividad física y percepción de salud de los estudiantes universitarios. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina, 64(2), 277-284. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v64n2.53068
Cuenca-García, M., Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., González-Gross, M., Labayen, I., Jago, R., Martínez-Gómez, D., Dallongeville, J., Bel-Serrat, S., Marcos, A., Manios, Y., Breidenassel, C., Widhalm, K., Gottrand, F., Ferrari, M., Kafatos, A., Molnár, D., Moreno, L. A., De Henauw, S., … Sjöström, M. (2014). Combined influence of healthy diet and active lifestyle on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 24(3), 553-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12022
Elizondo, A. J., Guillén, G. F., y Aguinaga, O. I. (2005). Prevalencia de actividad física y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y estilos de vida en la población de 18 a 65 años de Pamplona. Revista Española de Salud Pública,79(5), 559-567. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1135-57272005000500006
Esnaola, I., Goñi, A., & Madariaga, J. M. (2008). El autoconcepto: Perspectivas de investigación. Revista de Psicodidactica, 13(1), 179-194.
Farinola, M. G., Bazán, N. E., Laíño, F. A., y Santa-María, C. J. (2012). Actividad física y conducta sedentaria en estudiantes terciarios y universitarios de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Revista Brasilera Ciencia e Movimento,20, 79-90.
García Ferrando, M., & Llopis, M. (2011). Encuesta sobre los hábitos deportivos en España. Ideal democrático y bienestar personal. CSD. Madrid.
García Puello, F., & Herazo Beltrán, Y. (2015). Factores sociodemográficos y motivacionales asociados a la actividad física en estudiantes universitarios. Revista Medica de Chile, 143(11), 1411-1418. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872015001100006
García, H. J., y Fonseca, H. C. (2012). La actividad física en los y las jóvenes mexicanos y mexicanas: un análisis comparativo entre las universidades públicas y privadas. MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.9-2.1
García, P. F., Herazo, B. Y., y Tuesca, M. R. (2015). Factores sociodemográficos y motivacionales asociados a la actividad física en estudiantes universitarios. Revista médica de Chile,143(11), 1411-1418. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872015001100006
Gómez, P., Murcia, J., & García, P. (2006). Influencia social del género y de la percepción de competencia en la valoración de las clases de educación física. Revista Española de Educación Física y Deportes, 379, 37.
Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D. M., & Buck, S. M. (2005). Aerobic fitness and neurocognitive function in healthy preadolescent children. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 37(11), 1967-1974. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000176680.79702.ce
Hosker, D. K., Elkins, R. M., & Potter, M. P. (2019). Promoting Mental Health and Wellness in Youth Through Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Sleep. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 28(2), 171-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2018.11.010
Kokkinos, P., Sheriff, H., & Kheirbek, R. (2011). Physical inactivity and mortality risk. Cardiology Research and Practice, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/924945
Markland, D. y Hardy, L. (1993). The Exercise Motivations Inventory: Preliminary development and validity of measure of individuals' reasons for participation in regular physical exercise. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(93)90219-S
Markland, D., & Ingledew, D. K. (1997). The measurement of exercise motives: Factorial validity and invariance across gender of a revised Exercise Motivations Inventory. British Journal of Health Psychology, 2(4), 361-376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.1997.tb00549.x
Martin, K. A., Bassett, R. L. y Conlin, C. (2012). Body image and exercise. En E. O. Acevedo (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of exercise psychology (pp.55-75). Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.04.002
Mavilidi, M. F., Mason, C., Leahy, A. A., Kennedy, S. G., Eather, N., Hillman, C. H., Morgan, P. J., Lonsdale, C., Wade, L., Riley, N., Heemskerk, C., & Lubans, D. R. (2020). Effect of a Time-Efficient Physical Activity Intervention on Senior School Students' On-Task Behaviour and Subjective Vitality: the 'Burn 2 Learn' Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial. Educational Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-020-09537-x
Mohammed, A. J., & Ghebreyesus, T. A. (2018). Healthy living, well-being and the sustainable development goals. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 96(9), 18-19. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.18.222042
Morales, G., del Valle, C., Soto, Á., y Ivanovic, D. (2013). Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en estudiantes universitarios. Revista chilena de nutrición,40(4), 391-396. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75182013000400010
Murgui, S., García, C., & García, Á. (2016). Efecto de la práctica deportiva en la relación entre las habilidades motoras, el autoconcepto físico y el autoconcepto multidimensional. Revista de Psicologia Del Deporte, 25(1), 19-25.
Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., & Sjöström, M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: A powerful marker of health. International Journal of Obesity, 32(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
Ortega, Francisco B., Ruiz, J. R., & Castillo, M. J. (2013). Actividad física, condición física y sobrepeso en niños y adolescentes: Evidencia procedente de estudios epidemiológicos. Endocrinologia y Nutricion, 60(8), 458-469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endonu.2012.10.006
Papaioannou, A., Milosis, D., & Gotzaridis, C. (2019). Interdisciplinary Teaching of Physics in Physical Education: Effects on Students' Autonomous Motivation and Satisfaction. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 39(2), 156-164. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2018-0315
Puerta Mateus, K. C., De La Rosa Luna, R., & Ramos Vivanco, A. M. (2019). Niveles de actividad física y su relación entre la distribución por sexo y programa académico en una universidad. MHSALUD Revista En Ciencias Del Movimiento Humano y Salud, 16(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.16-2.4
Puerta, K. C., De La Rosa, R., & Ramos-Vivanco, A. M. (2019). Niveles de actividad física y su relación entre la distribución por sexo y programa académico en una universidad. MHSalud, 16(2), 46-57. https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.16-2.4
Ruiz, J. R., Castro-Piñero, J., Artero, E. G., Ortega, F. B., Sjöström, M., Suni, J., & Castillo, M. J. (2009). Predictive validity of health-related fitness in youth: A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(12), 909-923. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.056499
Tomkinson, G. R., Carver, K. D., Atkinson, F., Daniell, N. D., Lewis, L. K., Fitzgerald, J. S., Lang, J. J., & Ortega, F. B. (2018). European normative values for physical fitness in children and adolescents aged 9-17 years: Results from 2 779 165 Eurofit performances representing 30 countries. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(22), 1445-1456. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098253
Tylka, T. L. (2012). Feminist perspectives on body image. En T. F. Cash y L. Smolak (Eds.), Body image. A handbook of science, practice and prevention (pp. 56-66). New York: Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.09.006
UNESCO. (2017). Education for Sustainable Development Goals: Learning Objective. Retrieved from: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000247444
Wilmot, E. G., Edwardson, C. L., Achana, F. A., Davies, M. J., Gorely, T., Gray, L. J., Khunti, K., Yates, T., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2012). Sedentary time in adults and the association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetologia, 55(11), 2895-2905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2677-z
Wilson, P. M., & Rodgers, W. M. (2002). The relationship between exercise motives and physical self-esteem in female exercise participants: An application of self-determination theory. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 7(1), 30-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9861.2002.tb00074.x
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.
