Differences in technical-tactical indicators of Karate Kumite between the World Championship in Tokyo 2008 and Madrid 2018
Keywords:
Performance indicators, World Karate UnionAbstract
The Karate, for a decade now, has undergone the adaptation of their rules with a tendency for greater attractiveness and media enthusiasm to the best impression on the audience and media at its first appearance at the Olympics (Tokyo 2020). Therefore, the aim of this paper is to establish the trend of differences in the technical-tactical indicators of karate kumite between Karate World Championships in Tokyo 2008 and Madrid 2018. There were 274 contestants in Tokyo, seniors aged 18 and over in 137 combat, and 24 contestants in 12 combat in Madrid consisted 48 variables of techniques and tactics. The data was based on the 149 DVD videos. The karate fighting parameters were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Analyses were performed using MedCalc statistical software 10.4 (MedCalc software, Ostend, Belgium) and P value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The results indicate that there is no statistically significant difference in 45 of 48 variables of technical tactical indicators between two championships. Three variables showed a statistically significant difference: Kizame Tsuki-not-scored in attack, Gyako Tsuki Jodan-not-scored in counterattack and Gyako Tsuki Chudan-not-scored in attack. The results between the technical-tactical indicators of the karate fighting in the two world championships indicates that generally there are no significant differences, particularly in the score-based techniques. Hand-not-scored techniques performed in Madrid showed lower level of frequency. Reasons for such results were in karate rules changes and in the increase of the fight length from 3 to 4 minutes that most probably led to energy rationalisation of movement structure. In this way, it can be concluded that today's karate fighters are less active from the aspect of non-scored techniques, compared to karate fighters ten years ago. Non-scored techniques within the combining technical structures of karate combat are likely to contribute that kind of differences.
Downloads
References
Baker, J.S., Bell, W. (1990). Energy expenditure during simulated karate competition. Journal of Human Movement Studies, 19, 69-74.
Beneke, R., Beyer, T., Jachner, C.; Erasmus, J.; Hutler, M. (2004). Energetics of karate kumite. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 92(4-5), 518-523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-004-1073-x
Dizdar, D. (2001). Vrednovanje skupa metoda za procjenu stvarne kvalitete košarkaša. (Doktorska disertacija, Sveučilište u Zagrebu). Zagreb: Fakultet za fizičku kulturu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. https://doi.org/10.15255/kui.2017.048
Francescato, M.P., Talon, T.; Di Prampero, P.E. (1995). Energy cost and energy sources in karate. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 71, 355-361. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00240417
Hernandez, J. (1987). Estudio sobre el analisis de la accion de juego en los deportes de equipo su aplicacion al balancesto. (Doctoral thesys, Facultad de filosofia y ciencias de la educacion). Barcelona: Facultad de filosofia y ciencias de la educacion. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-45652011000200011
Iide, K., Imamura, H., Yoshimura, Y., Yamashita, A., Miyahara, K., Miyamoto, N., Moriwaki, C. (2008). Physiological responses of simulated karate 250 sparring matches in young men and boys. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 22(3), 839-844. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e31816a5af6
Imamura, H., Yoshimura, Y., Nishimura, S., Nakazawa, A. T., Teshima, K., Nishimura, C., Miyamoto, N. (2002). Physiological responses during and following karate training in women. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 42(4), 431-437.
Jovanović, S., Mudrić, R. (2003). Analysis of rule changes in judging in karate from the aspect of frequency of pointing techniques, Collection of works Science and Karate sport, Karate Federation of Vojvodina, 4, 24-29.
Lehmann, G., Jedliczka, G. (1998). Investigations about the event specific profile of karate. Leistungssport, 28(3), 56–61.
Oliva, A. S., Torres, F. B., Navarro, J. M. (2002). Diseno Grafico Am 2000, Combate Supremo.
Sertić, H., Vidranski, T., Segedi, I. (2011). Evaluation of a method for objective assessment of situational effect in karatekas through technical-tactical indeks for situational efficiency. In Pass.com: Proceedings Book, «Integrative power of Kinesiology» 6th international scientific conference (edited by D. Milanović, And G. Sporiš), pp. 651-656. Opatija, Croatia: Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb.
Shaw, D.K., Deutsch, D.T. (1982). Heart rate and oxygen uptake response to performance of karate kata. Journal of Sports Medicine, 22, 461-468.
Trninić, S., D. Milanović, M. Blašković, Ž. Birkić, D. Dizdar. (1995). Utjecaj skokova u obrani i napadu na konačan rezultat košarkaške utakmice. Kineziologija, 27 (2), 44-49.
Zehr, E. P., Sale, D. G., Dowling, J. J. (1997). Ballistic movement performance in karate athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 29(10), 1366- 1373. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199710000-00014
World Karate Federation (2019). Downloaded September 10, 2019. http://www.wkf.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=89&Itemid=93
Wkf Rules Regulations And Commissions (2010). Downloaded June 20, 2010. http://www.wkf.net/images/stories/downloads/wkf_rules_regulations_and_commissions_eng.pdf
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.
