Dynamic rifle stability is not influenced by exercise intensity in young biathletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.154.04Keywords:
Biathlon training, Shooting analysis, Physical loadAbstract
The aim of the study was to analyse and find out potential dependence between the dynamic rifle stability during targeting and percentage pressure value on the trigger 1 second and 0.5 second before the shot in different intensities of the physical load. Fifteen national youth and junior elite biathletes (ten women, five men) from a team of the Czech Republic participated in the study. All participants completed measuring of the dynamic behavior of the rifle in rest and after roller skiing in three different exercise intensities: Intensity 1 = 70 % of HRmax (maximum heart rate), average speed 4.1 – 4.6 m·s-1; Intensity 2 = 80 % of HRmax, average speed 4.5 – 5.0 m·s-1; Intensity 3 = 90 % of HRmax, average speed 4.9 – 5.4 m·s-1. Each bout consisted from a distance of one km. They shot in standing position with using their own biathlons rifle with a fixed accelerometer and trigger sensor. The data used in our research showed that the dynamic rifle stability is not influenced by exercise intensity neither in the men nor women group. However, our study demonstrated that the rifle stability is better in time 0.5 second before the shot than in time 1 second before the shot. The measurement of triggering in our study showed that participants are able to work with their fingers on the triggers in similar quality in the racing load as well as without the previous physical load.Downloads
References
Gallicchio, G., Finkenzeller, T., Sattlecker, G., Lindinger, S., & Hoedlmoser, K. (2018). The influence of physical exercise on the relation between the phase of cardiac cycle and shooting accuracy in biathlon. In European journal of sport science, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1535626
Haug, B. I. B. (2018). Computer Vision For Aimpoint Tracking In Biathlon (Master's thesis). Trondheim: Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
Høydal, K.L. & Nord, I. (2017). The importance of heart rate monitors in controlling intensity during training and competition in junior biathlon athletes. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(2), 358-366. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2017.122.12
Ihalainen, S., Laaksonen, M. S., Kuitunen, S., Leppävuori, A., Mikkola, J., Lindinger, S. J., & Linnamo, V. (2018). Technical determinants of biathlon standing shooting performance before and after race simulation. In Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 28(6), 1700-1707. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13072
Laaksonen, M. S., Finkenzeller, T., Holmberg, H. C., & Sattlecker, G. (2018). The influence of physiobiomechanical parameters, technical aspects of shooting, and psychophysiological factors on biathlon performance: A review. In Journal of Sport and Health Science, 7(4), 394-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.003
Mononen, K., Konttinen, N., Viitasalo, J., & Era, P. (2007). Relationships between postural balance, rifle stability and shooting accuracy among novice rifle shooters. In Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 17(2), 180-185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00549.x
Sattlecker, G., Buchecker, M., Rampl, J., Müller, E., & Lindinger, S.J. (2013). Biomechanical aspects in biathlon shooting. In Science and Nordic Skiing II. University of Jyväskylä, Finland, 33-40.
Sattlecker, G., Buchecker, M., Gressenbauer, C., Müller, E., & Lindinger, S. (2015). Effects of biathlon specific fatigue on shooting performance. In 3rd International Congress on Science and Nordic Skiing (ICSNS) (pp. 38). Vuokatti.
Sattlecker, G., Buchecker, M., Gressenbauer, C., Müller, E., & Lindinger, S. J. (2017). Factors discriminating high from low score performance in biathlon shooting. In International journal of sports physiology and performance, 12(3), 377-384. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0195
Vonheim, A. (2012). The effect of skiing intensity on shooting performance in biathlon. Master thesis. Trondheim: Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
Žák, M., Hřebíčková, S., Ondráček, J., Králová, D. M., Václavík, J., Hnatiak, J., & Rybář, O. (2016). Metodika střelby v biatlonu. Retrieved from: http://elportal.cz/publikace/metodika-biatlon
Žák, M., Ondráček, J., Hřebíčková, & S., Struhár, I. (2017). How one-year of systematic training changes the shooting performance in a group of young biathletes? In Martin Zvonař, Zuzana Sajdlová. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Kinanthropology, 994-1003.
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Journal of Human Sport and Exercise

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.