Model for training marathon swimmers in fins accounting for energy supply mechanism of muscle activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc4.09Keywords:
Marathon swimmers in fins, Training model, Energy supply mechanism, Muscle activity, Training for competitionsAbstract
Open-water marathon swimming with fins demands high levels of physical fitness from the athletes. The highest emphasis is placed on improving the general and speed endurance. This can only be achieved through targeted impact on the physiological structures of marathon swimmers, accounting for the individual characteristics of the mechanism behind the energy supply for muscle activity. Analysis of the literature has revealed that most works on training of marathon swimmers in fins do not provide sufficient data accounting for the individual specifics of the mechanism supplying energy for the athlete's muscle activity during training for competitions. This greatly limits the possibilities for differentiating the techniques and methods for improving general and speed endurance. Furthermore, methods for improving general and speed endurance in open-water marathon swimmers with fins, with different types of energy metabolism serving as the differentiation criterion, have not received sufficient attention. The existing system for training marathon swimmers in fins; for competitions does not offer satisfactory options accounting for the energy supply mechanism of muscle activity during practice. The system's main drawback is in the general approach to training of marathon swimmers in fins, which does not allow effectively increasing the general endurance and speeding endurance. Our findings indicate that the techniques and methods for training marathon swimmers in fins accounting for the individual characteristics of the mechanism for energy supply of muscular activity play a prominent role in improving the efficiency of training athletes for competitions. This actually helps athletes to achieve better results in training and in competitions. We have established that properly organized training sessions accounting for the individual characteristics of the energy supply mechanism of muscular activity have a higher efficiency. Studies have shown that the goals of developing general and speed endurance should be achieved in training marathon swimmers in fins in open water. General endurance is necessary for athletes to maintain high speed during the race, and speed endurance is necessary for building up speed at the finish. We have confirmed that special tasks during such training should be solved allowing for the individual characteristics of the mechanism for energy supply of muscular activity in marathon swimmers. The article reports on the results obtained for a training model developed for open-water marathon swimmers in fins, accounting for the individual peculiarities of the mechanism for energy supply to the athletes' muscular activity.
Downloads
References
Bakayev, V., & Bolotin, A. (2020). Differentiated Training Model for Marathon Runners on Building Tempo and Speed Endurance Based On the Types of Energy Metabolism. Sport Mont, 18(3), 31-34. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.201011
Bakayev, V., Bolotin, A., & You, C. (2018). Reaction of vegetative nervous system to loads in female long-distance runners with different fitness level. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 13(2proc), S245-S252. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.13.Proc2.09
Bolotin A., Bakayev V. (2017a). Method for Training of Long Distance Runners Taking into Account Bioenergetic Types of Energy Provision for Muscular Activity. In Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support, pp. 126-131.
Bolotin A., Bakayev V. (2017b). The differences in response of the respiratory system of long and middle-distance runners and their influence on recovery rate. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(4), pp.2443-2446. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2017.04272
Bolotin, A.E., Bakaev, V.V., K.J.van Zwieten, Ponimasov, O.E., Motovichev, K.V. (2020). Differentiated sports training of marathon swimmers for open water competitions based on types of energy metabolism. Teoriya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury, (10), pp. 37-39.
Costa, M.J., Bragada, J.A., Mejias, J.E., Louro, H., Marinho, D.A., Silva, A.J., and Barbosa, T.M. (2012). Tracking the performance, energetics and biomechanics of international versus national level swimmers during a competitive season. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112, 811-820. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2037-6
Dalamitros, A.A., Manou, V., & Pelarigo, J.G. (2014). Laboratory-based tests for swimmers: methodology, reliability, considerations and relationship with front-crawl performance. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 9(1), pp.172- 187. https://doi.org/10.4100/jhse.2014.91.17
Dushanin, S. A. (1986). System of multi-factor Express diagnostics of functional readiness of athletes at current and operational medical and pedagogical control: Physical Culture and sport.
Ferreira, M.I., Barbosa, T.M., Costa, M.J., Neiva, H.P., Vilaça, J., & Marinho, D.A. (2016). Effects of swim training on energetic and performance in women masters' swimmers. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 11(1), 99-106. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2016.111.08
Kleshnev, V.V., Turetsky G.G. (2000). Comparison of the systems of organization of applied sports science in Russia and Australia. Teoriya i praktika fizicheskoy kul'turi, 11, pp. 59-63.
Leko, G., Siljeg, K., & Greguranic, T. (2019). Effects of the basic period in swimming training with the age group. Sport Mont, 17(2), 99-102. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.190617
Morales, E., & Arellano, R. (2019). Regression analysis model applied to age-group swimmers: 50m race component times analysis. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 14(2), 315-324. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2019.142.05
Sousa, A., Figueiredo, P., Zamparo, P., Vilas-Boas, J.P., & Fernandes, R.J. (2013). Anaerobic alactic energy assessment in middle distance swimming. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(8), 2153-2158. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-013-2646-3
Downloads
Statistics
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Each author warrants that his or her submission to the Work is original and that he or she has full power to enter into this agreement. Neither this Work nor a similar work has been published elsewhere in any language nor shall be submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration by JHSE. Each author also accepts that the JHSE will not be held legally responsible for any claims of compensation.
Authors wishing to include figures or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder(s) and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.
Please include at the end of the acknowledgements a declaration that the experiments comply with the current laws of the country in which they were performed. The editors reserve the right to reject manuscripts that do not comply with the abovementioned requirements. The author(s) will be held responsible for false statements or failure to fulfill the above-mentioned requirements.
This title is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).
You are free to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
Transfer of Copyright
In consideration of JHSE’s publication of the Work, the authors hereby transfer, assign, and otherwise convey all copyright ownership worldwide, in all languages, and in all forms of media now or hereafter known, including electronic media such as CD-ROM, Internet, and Intranet, to JHSE. If JHSE should decide for any reason not to publish an author’s submission to the Work, JHSE shall give prompt notice of its decision to the corresponding author, this agreement shall terminate, and neither the author nor JHSE shall be under any further liability or obligation.
Each author certifies that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g., consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc.) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article, except as disclosed on a separate attachment. All funding sources supporting the Work and all institutional or corporate affiliations of the authors are acknowledged in a footnote in the Work.
Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the protocol for any investigation involving humans or animals and that all experimentation was conducted in conformity with ethical and humane principles of research.
Competing Interests
Biomedical journals typically require authors and reviewers to declare if they have any competing interests with regard to their research.
JHSE require authors to agree to Copyright Notice as part of the submission process.
